Tìm theo
Phenelzine
Các tên gọi khác (12 ) :
  • Alazine
  • Fenelzina
  • Monofen
  • Nardil
  • Phenelzin
  • Phénelzine
  • Phenelzinum
  • SID11111653
  • SID11111654
  • SID50111200
  • SID90341694
  • β-Phenylethylhydrazine
antidepressive agents, monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 51-71-8
ATC: N06AF03
ĐG : Farmea
CTHH: C8H12N2
PTK: 136.1943
An irreversible non-selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase. May be used to treat major depressive disorder.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C8H12N2
Phân tử khối
136.1943
Monoisotopic mass
136.100048394
InChI
InChI=1S/C8H12N2/c9-10-7-6-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-5,10H,6-7,9H2
InChI Key
InChIKey=RMUCZJUITONUFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
(2-phenylethyl)hydrazine
Traditional IUPAC Name
phenelzine
SMILES
NNCCC1=CC=CC=C1
Độ tan chảy
< 25 °C
Độ sôi
74 °C at 1.00E-01 mm Hg
Độ hòa tan
29.1 g/L
logP
1.1
logS
-1.1
pKa (Strongest Basic)
5.55
PSA
38.05 Å2
Refractivity
54.26 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
15.8 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
3
H Bond Acceptor Count
2
H Bond Donor Count
2
Physiological Charge
0
Number of Rings
1
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Dược Lực Học : Phenelzine belongs to a class of antidepressants called monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). MAO is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of a number of amines, including serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine. Two isoforms of MAO, A and B, are found in the body. MAO-A is mainly found within cells located in the periphery and catalyzes the breakdown of serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine and tyramine. MAO-B acts on phenylethylamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine and tyramine, is localized extracellularly and is found predominantly in the brain. While the mechanism of MAOIs is still unclear, it is thought that they act by increasing free serotonin and norepinephrine concentrations and/or by altering the concentrations of other amines in the CNS. It has been postulated that depression is caused by low levels of serotonin and/or norepinephrine and that increasing serotonergic and norepinephrinergic neurotransmission results in relief of depressive symptoms. MAO A inhibition is thought to be more relevant to antidepressant activity than MAO B inhibition. Selective MAO B inhibitors, such as selegiline, have no antidepressant effects. Response to therapy generally occurs 2 - 4 weeks following onset though some patients may not experience symptom relief for up to 8 weeks.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : An irreversible non-selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase. May be used to treat major depressive disorder. Although the exact mechanism of action has not been determined, it appears that the irreversible, nonselective inhibition of MAO by phenelzine relieves depressive symptoms by causing an increase in the levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the neuron.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Readily absorbed after oral administration.
▧ Metabolism :
Hepatic. Acetylation of phenelzine appears to be a minor metabolic pathway. Beta-phenylethylamine is a metabolite of phenelzine, and there is indirect evidence that phenelzine may also be ring-hydroxylated and N-methylated.
▧ Route of Elimination :
NARDIL ® is extensively metabolized, primarily by oxidation via monoamine oxidase.
▧ Half Life :
1.2-11.6 hours following single dose administration. Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics have not been studied.
Độc Tính : Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, dizziness, faintness, irritability, hyperactivity, agitation, severe headache, hallucinations, trismus, opisthotonos, convulsions and coma, rapid and irregular pulse, hypertension, hypotension and vascular collapse, precordial pain, respiratory depression and failure, hyperpyrexia, diaphoresis, and cool, clammy skin. Hypertensive crisis may occur with the ingestion of tyramine-rich foods such as cured meats, poultry or fish, aged cheeses, concentrated soy products, tap beer and wine, yeast extracts, broad bean pods and fava beans and sauerkraut.
Chỉ Định : For the treatment of major depressive disorder. Has also been used with some success in the management of bulimia nervosa.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Almotriptan The MAO inhibitor, phenelzine, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of the serotonin 5-HT receptor agonist, almotriptan. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
  • Altretamine Risk of severe hypotension
  • Amitriptyline Possibility of severe adverse effects
  • Amoxapine Possibility of severe adverse effects
  • Amphetamine Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Atomoxetine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Benzphetamine MAO Inhibitors may enhance the hypertensive effect of Amphetamines. Concomitant use of amphetamines and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) should be avoided. If used concomitantly, careful monitoring of blood pressure must occur. It may take up to 2 weeks after the discontinuation of an MAOI for the effects to dissipate enough to afford safety to the administration of interacting agents.
  • Bezafibrate MAO Inhibitors may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Bezafibrate. Avoid concomitant use of bezafibrate with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) like phenelzine.
  • Brimonidine MAO Inhibitors like phenelzine may enhance the hypertensive effect of Alpha2-Agonists (Ophthalmic). The concomitant use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors and ophthalmic alpha2 agonists is contraindicated.
  • Buprenorphine Buprenorphine may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of MAO Inhibitors like phenelzine. When possible, avoid use of buprenorphine in patients who have used a monoamine oxidase inhibitor within the past 14 days due to possible severe adverse effects.
  • Bupropion Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Buspirone Possible blood pressure elevation
  • Citalopram Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Clomipramine Possibility of severe adverse effects
  • Desipramine Possibility of severe adverse effects
  • Desvenlafaxine Increased risk of serotonin syndrome. Ensure adequate washout period between therapies to avoid toxicity. Concurrent therapy should be avoided.
  • Dexfenfluramine Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Dextroamphetamine Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Dextromethorphan Possible severe adverse reaction
  • Diethylpropion Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Dobutamine Increased arterial pressure
  • Donepezil Possible antagonism of action
  • Dopamine Increased arterial pressure
  • Doxepin Possibility of severe adverse effects
  • Duloxetine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Entacapone Possible hypertensive crisis with this combination
  • Ephedra Increased arterial pressure
  • Ephedrine Increased arterial pressure
  • Epinephrine Increased arterial pressure
  • Escitalopram Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Fenfluramine Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Fenoterol Increased arterial pressure
  • Fluoxetine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Fluvoxamine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Galantamine Possible antagonism of action
  • Guanethidine Phenelzine may decrease the effect of guanethidine.
  • Imipramine Possibility of severe adverse effects
  • Isoprenaline Increased arterial pressure
  • L-DOPA Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Mazindol Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Mephentermine Increased arterial pressure
  • Metaraminol Increased arterial pressure
  • Methamphetamine Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Methotrimeprazine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Methoxamine Increased arterial pressure
  • Methylphenidate Possible hypertensive crisis with this combination
  • Midodrine Possible hypertensive crisis with this combination
  • Milnacipran Increase serotonin levels. Combination therapy is contraindicated.
  • Mirtazapine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Naratriptan The use of two serotonin modulators increases the risk of serotonin syndrome. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome.
  • Nefazodone Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Norepinephrine Increased arterial pressure
  • Nortriptyline Possibility of severe adverse effects
  • Orciprenaline Increased arterial pressure
  • Paroxetine Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Pethidine Potentially fatal adverse effects
  • Phendimetrazine Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Phentermine Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Phenylephrine Increased arterial pressure
  • Phenylpropanolamine Increased arterial pressure
  • Pirbuterol Increased arterial pressure
  • Procaterol Increased arterial pressure
  • Protriptyline Possibility of severe adverse effects
  • Pseudoephedrine Increased arterial pressure
  • Rivastigmine Possible antagonism of action
  • Rizatriptan The MAO inhibitor, phenelzine, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of the serotonin 5-HT receptor agonist, rizatriptan. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
  • Salbutamol Increased arterial pressure
  • Sertraline Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Sibutramine Possible serotoninergic syndrome with this combination
  • Sumatriptan The MAO inhibitor, phenelzine, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of the serotonin 5-HT receptor agonist, sumatriptan. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
  • Tacrine The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Phenelzine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents.
  • Terbutaline Increased arterial pressure
  • Tetrabenazine Tetrabenazine may increase the adverse/toxic effects of Phenelzine. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
  • Tolcapone Tolcapone and Phenelzine decrease the metabolism of endogenous catecholamines. Concomitant therapy may result in increased catecholamine effects. Consider alternate therapy or use cautiously and monitor for increased catecholamine effects.
  • Tramadol Tramadol may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome and seizure induction by the MAO inhibitor, phenelzine.
  • Tranylcypromine Increased risk of serotonin syndrome. Use caution during concomitant therapy and monitor for symptoms of serotonin syndrome.
  • Trazodone Increased risk of serotonin syndrome. Monitor for symptoms of serotonin syndrome.
  • Trimethobenzamide Trimethobenzamide and Phenelzine, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhance their adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
  • Trimipramine Increased risk of serotonin syndrome. Ensure adequate washout period between therapies to avoid toxicity. Avoid combination or monitor for symptoms of serotonin syndrome and/or hypertensive crisis.
  • Triprolidine Triprolidine and Phenelzine, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhance their adverse/toxic effects. Additive CNS depressant effects may also occur. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic and CNS depressant effects.
  • Trospium Trospium and Phenelzine, two anticholinergics, may cause additive anticholinergic effects and enhanced adverse/toxic effects. Monitor for enhanced anticholinergic effects.
  • Tryptophanyl-5'amp Possible severe adverse reaction with this combination
  • Venlafaxine Increased risk of serotonin syndrome. Ensure adequate washout period between therapies to avoid toxicity. Concurrent therapy should be avoided.
  • Vilazodone MAO Inhibitors may enhance the serotonergic effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors. This may cause serotonin syndrome.
  • Zolmitriptan The MAO inhibitor, phenelzine, may increase the serum concentration of zolmitriptan by decreasing its metabolism. Concomitant therapy and use of zolmitriptan within two weeks of discontinuing phenelzine are contraindicated.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Tablet - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
  • Biệt dược thương mại : Phenelzine sulfate powder
    Giá bán buôn : USD >51.0
    Đơn vị tính : g
  • Biệt dược thương mại : Nardil 15 mg Tablet
    Giá bán buôn : USD >0.39
    Đơn vị tính : tablet
  • Biệt dược thương mại : Nardil 15 mg tablet
    Giá bán buôn : USD >0.95
    Đơn vị tính : tablet
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : DIM
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Margyl
  • Công ty : Pfizer
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Nardelzine
  • Công ty : Pfizer
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Nardil
  • Công ty : Novel
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Phenelzine Sulfate
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00780
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=3675
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46507348
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C07430
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.3547.html
BindingDB
http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50105417
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0071-0350-60
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA450903
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenelzine
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/phenelzine.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/phenelzine.html
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