Tìm theo
Sparfloxacin
Các tên gọi khác (2) :
  • cis-5-Amino-1-cyclopropyl-7-(3,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid
  • Sparfloxacin
Thuốc trị ký sinh trùng, chống nhiễm khuẩn
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 110871-86-8
ATC: J01MA09
CTHH: C19H22F2N4O3
PTK: 392.3998
Sparfloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections. Sparfloxacin exerts its antibacterial activity by inhibiting DNA gyrase, a bacterial topoisomerase. DNA gyrase is an essential enzyme which controls DNA topology and assists in DNA replication, repair, deactivation, and transcription.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C19H22F2N4O3
Phân tử khối
392.3998
Monoisotopic mass
392.165997
InChI
InChI=1S/C19H22F2N4O3/c1-8-5-24(6-9(2)23-8)17-13(20)15(22)12-16(14(17)21)25(10-3-4-10)7-11(18(12)26)19(27)28/h7-10,23H,3-6,22H2,1-2H3,(H,27,28)/t8-,9+
InChI Key
InChIKey=DZZWHBIBMUVIIW-DTORHVGOSA-N
IUPAC Name
5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-7-[(3R,5S)-3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-6,8-difluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name
sparfloxacin
SMILES
C[C@H]1CN(C[C@@H](C)N1)C1=C(F)C(N)=C2C(=O)C(=CN(C3CC3)C2=C1F)C(O)=O
Độ hòa tan
Practically insoluble
logP
2.5
logS
-3.5
pKa (strongest acidic)
5.75
pKa (Strongest Basic)
8.79
PSA
98.9 Å2
Refractivity
101.69 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
38.98 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
3
H Bond Acceptor Count
7
H Bond Donor Count
3
Physiological Charge
0
Number of Rings
4
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Ghose Filter
true
Dược Lực Học : Sparfloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent in the same class as ofloxacin and norfloxacin. Sparfloxacin has in vitro activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. Sparfloxacin exerts its antibacterial activity by inhibiting DNA gyrase, a bacterial topoisomerase. DNA gyrase is an essential enzyme which controls DNA topology and assists in DNA replication, repair, deactivation, and transcription. Quinolones differ in chemical structure and mode of action from (beta)-lactam antibiotics. Quinolones may, therefore, be active against bacteria resistant to (beta)-lactam antibiotics. Although cross-resistance has been observed between sparfloxacin and other fluoroquinolones, some microorganisms resistant to other fluoroquinolones may be susceptible to sparfloxacin. In vitro tests show that the combination of sparfloxacin and rifampin is antagonistic against Staphylococcus aureus.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Sparfloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections. Sparfloxacin exerts its antibacterial activity by inhibiting DNA gyrase, a bacterial topoisomerase. DNA gyrase is an essential enzyme which controls DNA topology and assists in DNA replication, repair, deactivation, and transcription. The bactericidal action of sparfloxacin results from inhibition of the enzymes topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, which are required for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Well absorbed following oral administration with an absolute oral bioavailability of 92%. Unaffected by administration with milk or food, however concurrent administration of antacids containing magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide reduces the oral bioavailability of sparfloxacin by as much as 50%.
▧ Protein binding :
Low plasma protein binding in serum at about 45%.
▧ Metabolism :
Hepatic. Metabolized primarily by phase II glucuronidation to form a glucuronide conjugate. Metabolism does not utilize or interfere with the cytochrome P450 enzyme system.
▧ Half Life :
Mean terminal elimination half-life of 20 hours (range 16-30 hours). Prolonged in patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance <50 mL/min).
Độc Tính : Single doses of sparfloxacin were relatively non-toxic via the oral route of administration in mice, rats, and dogs. No deaths occurred within a 14-day post-treatment observation period at the highest oral doses tested, up to 5000 mg/kg in either rodent species, or up to 600 mg/kg in the dog. Clinical signs observed included inactivity in mice and dogs, diarrhea in both rodent species, and vomiting, salivation, and tremors in dogs.
Chỉ Định : For the treatment of adults with the following infections caused by susceptible strains microorganisms: community-acquired pneumonia (caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, or Streptococcus pneumoniae) and acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus, or Streptococcus pneumoniae).
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Amiodarone Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Amitriptyline Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Amoxapine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Artemether Additive QTc-prolongation may occur. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Astemizole Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Bepridil Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Calcium Acetate Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics such as sparfloxacin. Of concern only with oral administration of both agents. Interactions can be minimized by administering oral quinolone at least 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of oral quinolones if administered with oral calcium supplements.
  • Chlorpromazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Clomipramine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Desipramine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Disopyramide Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Doxepin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Erythromycin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Fluphenazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Imipramine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Lumefantrine Additive QTc-prolongation may occur. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Mesoridazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Methotrimeprazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Nortriptyline Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Perphenazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Prochlorperazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Promethazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Quinidine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Tacrolimus Additive QTc-prolongation may occur increasing the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias. Concomitant therapy should be used with caution.
  • Terfenadine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Thioridazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Thiothixene May cause additive QTc-prolonging effects. Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Consider alternate therapy. Thorough risk:benefit assessment is required prior to co-administration.
  • Toremifene Additive QTc-prolongation may occur, increasing the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias. Consider alternate therapy. A thorough risk:benefit assessment is required prior to co-administration.
  • Trifluoperazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Trimipramine Additive QTc-prolongation may occur, increasing the risk of serious ventricular arrhythmias. Concomitant therapy should be used with caution.
  • Voriconazole Additive QTc prolongation may occur. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for QTc prolongation as this can lead to Torsade de Pointes (TdP).
  • Vorinostat Additive QTc prolongation may occur. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for QTc prolongation as this can lead to Torsade de Pointes (TdP).
  • Ziprasidone Additive QTc-prolonging effects may increase the risk of severe arrhythmias. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
  • Zuclopenthixol Additive QTc prolongation may occur. Consider alternate therapy or use caution and monitor for QTc prolongation as this can lead to Torsade de Pointes (TdP).
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Tablet, film coated - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Zagam
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01208
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=60464
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46506453
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C07662
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D00590
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.54517.html
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA451472
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparfloxacin
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/sparfloxacin.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/mtm/sparfloxacin.html
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