Tìm theo
Saquinavir
Các tên gọi khác (2) :
  • Saquinavir Mesylate
  • SQV
Thuốc trị ký sinh trùng, chống nhiễm khuẩn
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 127779-20-8
ATC: J05AE01
ĐG : A-S Medication Solutions LLC , http://orders.a-smeds.com
CTHH: C38H50N6O5
PTK: 670.8408
An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases. [PubChem]
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C38H50N6O5
Phân tử khối
670.8408
Monoisotopic mass
670.38426874
InChI
InChI=1S/C38H50N6O5/c1-38(2,3)43-37(49)32-20-26-14-7-8-15-27(26)22-44(32)23-33(45)30(19-24-11-5-4-6-12-24)41-36(48)31(21-34(39)46)42-35(47)29-18-17-25-13-9-10-16-28(25)40-29/h4-6,9-13,16-18,26-27,30-33,45H,7-8,14-15,19-23H2,1-3H3,(H2,39,46)(H,41,48)(H,42,47)(H,43,49)/t26?,27?,30-,31-,32-,33+/m0/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=QWAXKHKRTORLEM-LINFGICFSA-N
IUPAC Name
(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(3S)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-decahydroisoquinolin-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-yl]-2-(quinolin-2-ylformamido)butanediamide
Traditional IUPAC Name
(2S)-N-[(2S,3R)-4-[(3S)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-octahydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-yl]-2-(quinolin-2-ylformamido)butanediamide
SMILES
CC(C)(C)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CC2CCCCC2CN1C[C@@H](O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1
Độ tan chảy
349.84 °C
Độ hòa tan
Insoluble
logP
3.8
logS
-5.4
pKa (strongest acidic)
13.61
pKa (Strongest Basic)
8.47
PSA
166.75 Å2
Refractivity
186.67 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
73.83 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
13
H Bond Acceptor Count
7
H Bond Donor Count
5
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
5
Bioavailability
0
MDDR-Like Rule
true
caco2 Permeability
-6.26
Dược Lực Học : Saquinavir is a protease inhibitor with activity against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1). Protease inhibitors block the part of HIV called protease. HIV-1 protease is an enzyme required for the proteolytic cleavage of the viral polyprotein precursors into the individual functional proteins found in infectious HIV-1. Saquinavir binds to the protease active site and inhibits the activity of the enzyme. This inhibition prevents cleavage of the viral polyproteins resulting in the formation of immature non-infectious viral particles. Protease inhibitors are almost always used in combination with at least two other anti-HIV drugs.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases. [PubChem] Saquinavir inhibits the HIV viral proteinase enzyme which prevents cleavage of the gag-pol polyprotein, resulting in noninfectious, immature viral particles.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Absolute bioavailability averages 4%
▧ Volume of Distribution :
* 700 L
▧ Protein binding :
98%
▧ Metabolism :
Hepatic
▧ Route of Elimination :
In vitro studies using human liver microsomes have shown that the metabolism of saquinavir is cytochrome P450 mediated with the specific isoenzyme, CYP3A4, responsible for more than 90% of the hepatic metabolism. Only 1% of saquinavir is excreted in the urine, so the impact of renal impairment on saquinavir elimination should be minimal.
▧ Clearance :
* 1.14 L/h/kg [Healthy volunteers receiving IV doses of 6, 36, and 72 mg]
Độc Tính : Probably experience pain in the throat
Chỉ Định : For the treatment of HIV-1 with advanced immunodeficiency together with antiretroviral nucleoside analogues.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Abacavir The serum concentration of Abacavir may be decreased by protease inhibitors such as Saquinavir. The antiviral response should be closely monitored.
  • Abiraterone Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors may increase levels of abiraterone. Monitor concomitant therapy closely.
  • Alprazolam The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect of the benzodiazepine, alprazolam.
  • Amiodarone The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect and toxicity of amiodarone.
  • Artemether Additive QTc-prolongation may occur. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Asenapine Increased incidence of adverse effects due to pharmacodynamic synergism. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Astemizole Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Atorvastatin Saquinavir may increase the serum concentration of atorvastatin by decreasing its metabolism. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of atorvastatin if saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Bromazepam Saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of bromazepam by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of bromazepam if saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed. Dosage adjustments may be required.
  • Cabazitaxel Concomitant therapy with a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor may increase concentrations of cabazitaxel. Avoid concomitant therapy.
  • Chlordiazepoxide The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect of the benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide.
  • Cisapride Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Clonazepam The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect of the benzodiazepine, clonazepam.
  • Clorazepate The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect of the benzodiazepine, clorazepate.
  • Cyclosporine The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect of cyclosporine.
  • Dantrolene Saquinavir may increase the serum concentration of dantrolene by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of dantrolene if saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Darunavir Decreased levels of darunavir
  • Delavirdine Increases the effect of saquinavir and hepatic toxicity
  • Diazepam The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect of the benzodiazepine, diazepam.
  • Dihydroergotamine The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect and toxicity of the ergot derivative, dihydroergotamine.
  • Efavirenz Efavirenz decreases the effect of saquinavir
  • Eplerenone This CYP3A4 inhibitor increases the effect and toxicity of eplerenone
  • Ergotamine The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect and toxicity of the ergot derivative, ergotamine.
  • Erlotinib This CYP3A4 inhibitor increases levels/toxicity of erlotinib
  • Estazolam The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect of the benzodiazepine, estazolam.
  • Etravirine Etravirine, when used concomitantly with protease inhibitors, may experience a decrease in serum concentration. Protease inhibitors, when used concomitantly with etravirine, may experience an increase in serum concentration. Ritonavir boosting of etravirine therapy is a requirement to concurrent therapy. In addition, it is recommended to monitor serum concentrations of the antiretrovirals, as well as to monitor antiretroviral therapy for efficacy.
  • Fentanyl The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect and toxicity of fentanyl.
  • Flurazepam The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect of the benzodiazepine, flurazepam.
  • Fusidic Acid The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect and toxicity of fusidic acid.
  • Indinavir Possible antagonism of action
  • Ketoconazole Ketoconazole may increase the effect and toxicity of saquinavir.
  • Lovastatin Saquinavir may increase the effect and toxicity of lovastatin. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
  • Midazolam The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect of the benzodiazepine, midazolam.
  • Nevirapine Decreases the effect of saquinavir
  • Pazopanib Affects CYP3A4 metabolism therefore will decrease levels or effect of pazopanib. Consider alternate therapy.
  • Pimozide The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect and toxicity of pimozide.
  • Ponatinib Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors may increase levels of ponatinib. Monitor concomitant therapy closely.
  • Ranolazine Increased levels of ranolazine - risk of toxicity
  • Rifabutin Rifabutin decreases the effect of saquinavir
  • Rifampicin Rifampin decreases the effect of saquinavir
  • Tacrolimus The protease inhibitor, Saquinavir, may increase the blood concentration of Tacrolimus. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic/toxic effects of Tacrolimus if Saquinavir therapy is initiated, discontinued or altered.
  • Tadalafil Saquinavir may reduce the metabolism of Tadalafil. Concomitant therapy should be avoided if possible due to high risk of Tadalafil toxicity.
  • Tamoxifen Saquinavir may increase the serum concentration of Tamoxifen by decreasing its metabolism. Monitor for increased adverse/toxic effects of Tamoxifen.
  • Tamsulosin Saquinavir, a CYP3A4 inhibitor, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tamsulosin, a CYP3A4 substrate. Monitor for changes in therapeutic/adverse effects of Tamsulosin if Saquinavir is initiated, discontinued, or dose changed.
  • Telavancin Additive QTc-prolongation may occur. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Telithromycin Saquinavir may increase the plasma concentration of Telithromycin. Consider alternate therapy or monitor therapeutic/adverse effects.
  • Temsirolimus Saquinavir may inhibit the metabolism and clearance of Temsirolimus. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Teniposide The strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, Saquinavir, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Teniposide, a CYP3A4 substrate. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Teniposide if Saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Terfenadine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Tiagabine The strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, Saquinavir, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tiagabine, a CYP3A4 substrate. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Tiagabine if Saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Tipranavir Tipranavir, co-administered with Ritonavir, may decrease the plasma concentration of Saquinavir. Consider alternate therapy.
  • Tolterodine Saquinavir may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tolterodine. Adjust Tolterodine dose and monitor for efficacy and toxicity.
  • Tolvaptan Saquinavir is a strong inhibitor of CYP3A4 and will increase serum concentrations of tolvaptan.
  • Topotecan The p-glycoprotein inhibitor, Saquinavir, may increase the bioavailability of oral Topotecan. A clinically significant effect is also expected with IV Topotecan. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Tramadol Saquinavir may increase Tramadol toxicity by decreasing Tramadol metabolism and clearance.
  • Trazodone The protease inhibitor, Saquinavir, may increase the efficacy/toxicity of Trazodone by inhibiting Trazodone metabolism and clearance. Monitor for changes in Trazodone efficacy/toxicity if Saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Triazolam The protease inhibitor, saquinavir, may increase the effect of the benzodiazepine, triazolam.
  • Trimipramine The strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, Saquinavir, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Trimipramine, a CYP3A4 substrate. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in therapeutic and adverse effects of Trimipramine if Saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Vardenafil Saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may reduce the metabolism and clearance of Vardenafil. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of Vardenafil.
  • Vemurafenib Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors may increase levels of vemurafenib. Monitor concomitant therapy closely.
  • Venlafaxine Saquinavir, a CYP3A4 inhibitor, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Venlafaxine, a CYP3A4 substrate. Monitor for changes in therapeutic/adverse effects of Venlafaxine if Saquinavir is initiated, discontinued, or dose changed.
  • Verapamil Saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of Veramapil, a CYP3A4 substrate, by decreasing its metabolism and clearance. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Verapamil if Saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Vinblastine Saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may decrease the metabolism of Vinblastine. Consider alternate therapy to avoid Vinblastine toxicity. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Vinblastine if Saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Vincristine Saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of Vincristine by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy to avoid Vincristine toxicity. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of Vincristine if Saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Vinorelbine Saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of Vinorelbine by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy to avoid Vinorelbine toxicity. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of Vinorelbine if Saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Voriconazole Voriconazole may increase the serum concentration of saquinavir by decreasing its metabolism. Saquinavir may increase the serum concentration of voriconazole. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of both agents if concomitant therapy is initiated, discontinued or if doses are changed.
  • Zolpidem Saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of zolpidem by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of zolpidem if saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Zonisamide Saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of zonisamide by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of zonisamide if saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Zopiclone Saquinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of zopiclone by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of zopiclone if saquinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Capsule - Oral
Tablet - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Fortovase
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Invirase
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : ROC
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01232
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=60787
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46508726
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D00429
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.54783.html
BindingDB
http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50114967
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0004-0246-48
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA451305
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saquinavir
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/saquin.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/saquinavir.html
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