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Esmolol
Các tên gọi khác (6 ) :
  • (+-)-Esmolol
  • (+-)-Methyl P-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)hydrocinnamate
  • 3-[4-(2-Hydroxy-3-isopropylamino-propoxy)-phenyl]-propionic acid methyl ester
  • ESMOLOL
  • Methyl 4-(2-hydroxy-3-((1-methylethyl)amino)propoxy)benzenepropanoate
  • Methyl P-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)hydrocinnamate
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 103598-03-4
ATC: C07AB09
ĐG : APP Pharmaceuticals , http://www.apppharma.com
CTHH: C16H25NO4
PTK: 295.374
Esmolol (trade name Brevibloc) is a cardioselective beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset, a very short duration of action, and no significant intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane stabilizing activity at therapeutic dosages. Esmolol decreases the force and rate of heart contractions by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system, which are found in the heart and other organs of the body. Esmolol prevents the action of two naturally occurring substances: epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C16H25NO4
Phân tử khối
295.374
Monoisotopic mass
295.178358293
InChI
InChI=1S/C16H25NO4/c1-12(2)17-10-14(18)11-21-15-7-4-13(5-8-15)6-9-16(19)20-3/h4-5,7-8,12,14,17-18H,6,9-11H2,1-3H3
InChI Key
InChIKey=AQNDDEOPVVGCPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
methyl 3-(4-{2-hydroxy-3-[(propan-2-yl)amino]propoxy}phenyl)propanoate
Traditional IUPAC Name
(+-)-esmolol
SMILES
COC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)C=C1
Độ hòa tan
Very soluble as hydrochloride salt
logP
1.7
logS
-3.3
pKa (strongest acidic)
14.09
pKa (Strongest Basic)
9.67
PSA
67.79 Å2
Refractivity
81.05 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
33.68 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
10
H Bond Acceptor Count
4
H Bond Donor Count
2
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
1
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Ghose Filter
true
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Esmolol (trade name Brevibloc) is a cardioselective beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset, a very short duration of action, and no significant intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane stabilizing activity at therapeutic dosages. Esmolol decreases the force and rate of heart contractions by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system, which are found in the heart and other organs of the body. Esmolol prevents the action of two naturally occurring substances: epinephrine and norepinephrine. Similar to other beta-blockers, esmolol blocks the agonistic effect of the sympathetic neurotransmitters by competing for receptor binding sites. Because it predominantly blocks the beta-1 receptors in cardiac tissue, it is said to be cardioselective. In general, so-called cardioselective beta-blockers are relatively cardioselective; at lower doses they block beta-1 receptors only but begin to block beta-2 receptors as the dose increases. At therapeutic dosages, esmolol does not have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) or membrane-stabilizing (quinidine-like) activity. Antiarrhythmic activity is due to blockade of adrenergic stimulation of cardiac pacemaker potentials. In the Vaughan Williams classification of antiarrhythmics, beta-blockers are considered to be class II agents.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Rapidly absorbed, steady-state blood levels for dosages from 50-300 µg/kg/min (0.05-0.3 mg/kg/mm) are obtained within five minutes.
▧ Protein binding :
55% bound to human plasma protein, while the acid metabolite is 10% bound.
▧ Metabolism :
Rapidly metabolized by hydrolysis of the ester linkage, chiefly by the esterases in the cytosol of red blood cells and not by plasma cholinesterases or red cell membrane acetylcholinesterase. Mainly in red blood cells to a free acid metabolite (with 1/1500 the activity of esmolol) and methanol.
▧ Route of Elimination :
Consistent with the high rate of blood-based metabolism of esmolol hydrochloride, less than 2% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine. The acid metabolite has an elimination half-life of about 3.7 hours and is excreted in the urine with a clearance approximately equivalent to the glomerular filtration rate. Excretion of the acid metabolite is significantly decreased in patients with renal disease, with the elimination half-life increased to about ten-fold that of normals, and plasma levels considerably elevated.
▧ Half Life :
Rapid distribution half-life of about 2 minutes and an elimination half-life of about 9 minutes. The acid metabolite has an elimination half-life of about 3.7 hours.
▧ Clearance :
* 20 L/kg/hr [Men]
Độc Tính : Symptoms of overdose include cardiac arrest, bradycardia, hypotension, electromechanical dissociation and loss of consciousness.
Chỉ Định : For the rapid control of ventricular rate in patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in perioperative, postoperative, or other emergent circumstances where short term control of ventricular rate with a short-acting agent is desirable. Also used in noncompensatory sinus tachycardia where the rapid heart rate requires specific intervention.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Acetohexamide The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Chlorpropamide The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Clonidine Increased hypertension when clonidine stopped
  • Dihydroergotamine Ischemia with risk of gangrene
  • Disopyramide The beta-blocker, esmolol, may increase the adverse effects of disopyramide.
  • Epinephrine Hypertension, then bradycardia
  • Ergonovine Ischemia with risk of gangrene
  • Ergotamine Ischemia with risk of gangrene
  • Fenoterol Antagonism
  • Formoterol Antagonism
  • Gliclazide The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Glipizide The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Glisoxepide The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Glyburide The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Glycodiazine The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Ibuprofen Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins
  • Indomethacin Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins
  • Insulin Aspart The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Insulin Detemir The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Insulin Glargine The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Insulin Glulisine The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Insulin Lispro The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Isoprenaline Antagonism
  • Lidocaine The beta-blocker, esmolol, may increase the effect and toxicity of lidocaine.
  • Methysergide Ischemia with risk of gangrene
  • Orciprenaline Antagonism
  • Pipobroman Antagonism
  • Pirbuterol Antagonism
  • Piroxicam Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins
  • Prazosin Risk of hypotension at the beginning of therapy
  • Procaterol Antagonism
  • Repaglinide The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Salbutamol Antagonism
  • Salmeterol Antagonism
  • Terazosin Increased risk of hypotension. Initiate concomitant therapy cautiously.
  • Terbutaline Antagonism
  • Tolazamide The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Tolbutamide The beta-blocker, esmolol, may decrease symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Treprostinil Additive hypotensive effect. Monitor antihypertensive therapy during concomitant use.
  • Verapamil Increased effect of both drugs
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Liquid - Intravenous
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Brevibloc
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00187
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=59768
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46506146
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C06980
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.53916.html
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0641-2965-45
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA449500
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esmolol
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/esmolol.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/esmolol.html
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