Tìm theo
Prednisone
Các tên gọi khác (6 ) :
  • 1,2-Dehydrocortisone
  • 1,4-Pregnadiene-17alpha,21-diol-3,11,20-trione
  • 17,21-Dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione
  • Dehydrocortisone
  • Prednisona
  • Prednisonum
Hormon, Nội tiết tố
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 53-03-2
ATC: A07EA03, H02AB07, H02AB15
ĐG : Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
CTHH: C21H26O5
PTK: 358.4281
A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from cortisone. It is biologically inert and converted to prednisolone in the liver. [PubChem]
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C21H26O5
Phân tử khối
358.4281
Monoisotopic mass
358.178023942
InChI
InChI=1S/C21H26O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h5,7,9,14-15,18,22,26H,3-4,6,8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N
IUPAC Name
(1S,2R,10S,11S,14R,15S)-14-hydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadeca-3,6-diene-5,17-dione
Traditional IUPAC Name
prednisone
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CC[C@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)CC(=O)[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]12C
Độ tan chảy
230 - 235 °C (decomposes)
Độ hòa tan
Very slightly soluble
logP
1.46
logS
-3.5
pKa (strongest acidic)
12.58
pKa (Strongest Basic)
-3.3
PSA
91.67 Å2
Refractivity
97.57 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
38.17 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
2
H Bond Acceptor Count
5
H Bond Donor Count
2
Physiological Charge
0
Number of Rings
4
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Ghose Filter
true
Dược Lực Học : Prednisone, the most commonly-prescribed corticosteroid, is used to treat allograft rejection, asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and many other inflammatory states. Prednisone has some mineralocorticoid activity and thus may affect ion exchange in the kidney.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from cortisone. It is biologically inert and converted to prednisolone in the liver. [PubChem] Prednisone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. It is first metabolized in the liver to its active form, prednisolone. Prednisolone crosses cell membranes and binds with high affinity to specific cytoplasmic receptors. The result includes inhibition of leukocyte infiltration at the site of inflammation, interference in the function of mediators of inflammatory response, suppression of humoral immune responses, and reduction in edema or scar tissue. The antiinflammatory actions of corticosteroids are thought to involve phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, lipocortins, which control the biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Prednisone can stimulate secretion of various components of gastric juice. Suppression of the production of corticotropin may lead to suppression of endogenous corticosteroids. Prednisone has slight mineralocorticoid activity, whereby entry of sodium into cells and loss of intracellular potassium is stimulated. This is particularly evident in the kidney, where rapid ion exchange leads to sodium retention and hypertension.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Rayos, the delayed-release formulation, has a 4-hour release time. To compare, the delayed-release formulation has a Tmax of 6.0 - 6.5 hours in healthy male subjects, whereas the immediate-release formulation has a Tmax of 2.0 hours. The rate of absorption, Cmax, and exposure is comparable between formulations.
▧ Protein binding :
Extensively bound to plasma proteins.
▧ Metabolism :
Prednisone is completely converted to the active metabolite prednisolone by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. It is then further metabolized mainly in the liver. The exposure of prednisolone is 4-6 fold higher than that of prednisone.
▧ Route of Elimination :
Excreted in the urine as sulfate and glucuronide conjugates.
▧ Half Life :
Half life of both the immediate- and delayed- release formulation is 2 to 3 hours.
Chỉ Định : For the treatment of drug-induced allergic reactions, perennial or seasonal allergic rhinitis, serum sickness, giant cell arteritis acute rheumatic or nonrheumatic carditis, systemic dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, exfoliative dermatitis, bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, severe seborrheic dermatitis, severe (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) erythema multiforme, mycosis fungoides, pemphigus, severe psoriasis, acute adrenocortical insufficiency, Addison's disease, secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypercalcemia associated with neoplasms, nonsuppurative thyroiditis, ulceratice colitis, Crohn's disease, acquired hemolytic anemia, congenital hypoplastic anemia, erythroblastopenia, adult secondary thrombocytopenia, adult idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura, acute or subacute bursitis, epicondylitis, acute nonspecific tenosynovitis, acute or chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's or non-Hodgkin's lynphomas, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, primary brain tumors (adjunct), nephrotic syndrome, tuberculous meningitis, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis. cerebral edema, chorioretinitis, diffuse posterior choroiditis, aleergic conjunctivitis, Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, anterior segment inflammation, iridocyclitis, iritis, keratitis, optoc neuritis, sympathetic ophthalmia, corneal marginal allergic ulcers, symptomatic sarcoidosis, Loeffler's syndrome not manageable by other means, berylliosis, fulminating or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis when used concurrently with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy and aspiration pneumonitis.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Acenocoumarol The corticosteroid, prednisone, alters the anticoagulant effect, acenocoumarol.
  • Acetylsalicylic acid The corticosteroid, prednisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Ambenonium The corticosteroid, prednisone, may decrease the effect of the anticholinesterase, ambenonium.
  • Amobarbital The barbiturate, amobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Anisindione The corticosteroid, prednisone, alters the anticoagulant effect of anisindione.
  • Aprobarbital The barbiturate, aprobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Bismuth Subsalicylate The corticosteroid, prednisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, bismuth subsalicylate.
  • Butabarbital The barbiturate, butabarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Butalbital The barbiturate, butalbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Butethal The barbiturate, butethal, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Chlorotrianisene The estrogenic agent, chlorotrianisene, may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Clomifene The estrogenic agent, clomifene, may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Conjugated Estrogens The estrogenic agent may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Dicoumarol The corticosteroid, prednisone, alters the anticoagulant effect of dicumarol.
  • Diethylstilbestrol The estrogenic agent, diethylstilbestrol, may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Dihydroquinidine barbiturate The barbiturate, dihydroquinidine barbiturate, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Edrophonium The corticosteroid, prednisone, may decrease the effect of the anticholinesterase, edrophonium.
  • Estradiol The estrogenic agent, estradiol, may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Estriol The estrogenic agent, estriol, may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Estrone The estrogenic agent, estrone, may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Estropipate The estrogenic agent, estropipate, may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Ethinyl Estradiol The estrogenic agent, ethinyl estradiol, may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Ethotoin The enzyme inducer, ethotoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • F decreases the effect of cortisone by metabolism alteration.
  • Fosphenytoin The enzyme inducer, fosphenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Glycerol Phenylbutyrate Use of corticosteroids may cause the breakdown of body protein and increase plasma ammonia levels. Monitor ammonia levels closely when corticosteroids and glycerol pehnylbutyrate are used concomitantly.
  • Heptabarbital The barbiturate, heptabarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Hexobarbital The barbiturate, hexobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Indacaterol Concomitant therapy may increase the risk of hypokalemia via intracellular shunting. Monitor for adverse effects and especially for cardiovascular effects associated with hypokalemia.
  • Insulin Lispro Concomitant therapy with corticosteriods may reduce the blood-glucose-lowering effect of insulin lispro.
  • Itraconazole The imidazole, itraconazole, may increase the effect and toxicity of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Ketoconazole The imidazole, ketoconazole, may increase the effect and toxicity of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Linagliptin CYP3A4 inducers may decrease levels of linagliptin and diminish the hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic agents. Monitor concomitant therapy closely.
  • Magnesium salicylate The corticosteroid, prednisolone, may decrease the effect of magnesium salicylate.
  • Mephenytoin The enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Mestranol The estrogenic agent, mestranol, may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Methohexital The barbiturate, methohexital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Methylphenobarbital The barbiturate, methylphenobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Midodrine Increased arterial pressure
  • Neostigmine The corticosteroid, prednisone, may decrease the effect of the anticholinesterase, neostigmine.
  • Pentobarbital The barbiturate, pentobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Phenobarbital The barbiturate, phenobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Phenytoin The enzyme inducer, phenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Primidone The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Pyridostigmine The corticosteroid, prednisone, may decrease the effect of the anticholinesterase, pyridostigmine.
  • Quinestrol The estrogenic agent, quinestrol, may increase the effect of corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Quinidine barbiturate The barbiturate, quinidine barbiturate, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Rifampicin The enzyme inducer, rifampin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Salicylate-sodium The corticosteroid, prednisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, salicylate-sodium.
  • Salsalate The corticosteroid, prednisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, salsalate.
  • Secobarbital The barbiturate, secobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Tacrine Tacrine and Prednisone may independently exacerbate muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis patients. Monitor for additive muscle weakness effects.
  • Talbutal The barbiturate, talbutal, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
  • Trastuzumab Trastuzumab may increase the risk of neutropenia and anemia. Monitor closely for signs and symptoms of adverse events.
  • Trisalicylate-choline The corticosteroid, prednisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, trisalicylate-choline.
  • Vecuronium Vecuronium may increase the adverse neuromuscular effects of systemic corticosteroids, such as Prednisone. Monitor for increased muscle weakness and signs of polyneuropathies and myopathy.
  • Warfarin The corticosteroid, prednisone, alters the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Concentrate - Oral - 5 mg/mL
Solution - Oral - 5 mg/5 mL
Tablet - Oral - 1 mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 50 mg
Tablet, delayed release - Oral - 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : Upjohn
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Delta-Cortef
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Meticorten
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Orasone
  • Công ty : Horizon Pharma
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Rayos
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00635
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=5865
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46508166
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C07370
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D00473
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.5656.html
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0054-8739-25
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA451100
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prednisone
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/pred.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/prednisone.html
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