Tìm theo
Amphetamine
Các tên gọi khác (16 ) :
  • 1-phenyl-2-aminopropane
  • 1-Phenylpropan-2-amin
  • alpha-Methylbenzeneethaneamine
  • alpha-Methylphenylethylamine
  • Amfetamine
  • Amfetaminum
  • Amphetamin
  • Amphetamine
  • beta-Aminopropylbenzene
  • beta-Phenylisopropylamin
  • beta-Phenylisopropylamine
  • Desoxynorephedrine
  • α-methylbenzeneethaneamine
  • α-methylphenethylamine
  • β-aminopropylbenzene
  • β-phenylisopropylamine
Thuốc điều trị về tâm thần
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 300-62-9
ATC: N06BA01
ĐG : Barr Pharmaceuticals
CTHH: C9H13N
PTK: 135.2062
Amphetamine is a chiral compound. The racemic mixture can be divided into its optical antipodes: levo- and dextro-amphetamine. Amphetamine is the parent compound of its own structural class, comprising a broad range of psychoactive derivatives, e.g., MDMA (Ecstasy) and the N-methylated form, methamphetamine. Amphetamine is a homologue of phenethylamine.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C9H13N
Phân tử khối
135.2062
Monoisotopic mass
135.104799421
InChI
InChI=1S/C9H13N/c1-8(10)7-9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-6,8H,7,10H2,1H3
InChI Key
InChIKey=KWTSXDURSIMDCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
1-phenylpropan-2-amine
Traditional IUPAC Name
amphetamine
SMILES
CC(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1
Độ tan chảy
Volatizes slowly at room temperature
Độ hòa tan
Slightly
logP
1.76
logS
-1.9
pKa (Strongest Basic)
10.01
PSA
26.02 Å2
Refractivity
43.71 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
16.17 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
2
H Bond Acceptor Count
1
H Bond Donor Count
1
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
1
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
pKa
10.1 (at 20 °C)
Dược Lực Học : Amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, non-catechloamine sypathomimetic agents, are used in combination to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or narcolepsy. Adderall consists of equivalent amounts of amphetamine aspartate, amphetamine sulfate, dextroamphetamine saccharate, and dextroamphetamine sulfate.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Amphetamine is a chiral compound. The racemic mixture can be divided into its optical antipodes: levo- and dextro-amphetamine. Amphetamine is the parent compound of its own structural class, comprising a broad range of psychoactive derivatives, e.g., MDMA (Ecstasy) and the N-methylated form, methamphetamine. Amphetamine is a homologue of phenethylamine. Amphetamines stimulate the release of norepinephrine from central adrenergic receptors. At higher dosages, they cause release of dopamine from the mesocorticolimbic system and the nigrostriatal dopamine systems. Amphetamine may also act as a direct agonist on central 5-HT receptors and may inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO). In the periphery, amphetamines are believed to cause the release of noradrenaline by acting on the adrenergic nerve terminals and alpha- and beta-receptors. Modulation of serotonergic pathways may contribute to the calming affect. The drug interacts with VMAT enzymes to enhance release of DA and 5-HT from vesicles. It may also directly cause the reversal of DAT and SERT.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Amphetamine forms easily absorbed molecules that are highly lipid soluble
▧ Protein binding :
15-40%
▧ Metabolism :
Hepatic
▧ Half Life :
10 hours
Độc Tính : LD50=180 mg/kg(subcutaneous injection in rat). The most common presenting symptoms seen are agitation, hallucinations, suicidal behaviour, and chest pain.
Chỉ Định : For treatment of Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADDH) and narcolepsy in children.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Chlorpromazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
  • Dihydrocodeine Amphetamines may enhance analgesic effects of dihydrocodeine. Monitor for enhanced analgesia. Dose reductions of dihydrocodeine may be appropriate.
  • Fluoxetine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
  • Fluphenazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
  • Fluvoxamine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
  • Guanethidine Amphetamine may decrease the effect of guanethidine.
  • Isocarboxazid Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Mesoridazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
  • Methotrimeprazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
  • Paroxetine Risk of serotoninergic syndrome
  • Perphenazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
  • Phenelzine Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Prochlorperazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase pyschotic symptoms
  • Promethazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase pyschotic symptoms
  • Propericiazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase pyschotic symptoms
  • Rasagiline Possible hypertensive crisis
  • Thioridazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
  • Trifluoperazine Decreased anorexic effect, may increase psychotic symptoms
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Capsule, extended release - Oral
Tablet - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00182
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C07514
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D07445
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA448408
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetamine
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/adderallxr.htm
PDRhealth
http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/add1008.shtml
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/amphetamine.html
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