Tìm theo
Pioglitazone
Các tên gọi khác (4 ) :
  • (+-)-5-((4-(2-(5-Ethyl-2-pyridinyl)ethoxy)phenyl)methyl)-2,4-thiazolidinedione
  • Pioglitazona
  • Pioglitazone
  • Pioglitazonum
Hormon, Nội tiết tố
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 111025-46-8
ATC: A10BG03
ĐG : Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
CTHH: C19H20N2O3S
PTK: 356.439
Pioglitazone is used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. Pioglitazone selectively stimulates nuclear receptor peroxisone proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma). It modulates the transcription of the insulin-sensitive genes involved in the control of glucose and lipid metabolism in the lipidic, muscular tissues and in the liver.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C19H20N2O3S
Phân tử khối
356.439
Monoisotopic mass
356.119463206
InChI
InChI=1S/C19H20N2O3S/c1-2-13-3-6-15(20-12-13)9-10-24-16-7-4-14(5-8-16)11-17-18(22)21-19(23)25-17/h3-8,12,17H,2,9-11H2,1H3,(H,21,22,23)
InChI Key
InChIKey=HYAFETHFCAUJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
5-({4-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy]phenyl}methyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione
Traditional IUPAC Name
pioglitazone
SMILES
CCC1=CN=C(CCOC2=CC=C(CC3SC(=O)NC3=O)C=C2)C=C1
Độ tan chảy
183-184 °C
Độ hòa tan
mg/mL
logP
2.3
logS
-4.9
pKa (strongest acidic)
6.66
pKa (Strongest Basic)
5.6
PSA
68.29 Å2
Refractivity
97.39 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
37.91 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
7
H Bond Acceptor Count
4
H Bond Donor Count
1
Physiological Charge
-1
Number of Rings
3
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Ghose Filter
true
MDDR-Like Rule
true
Dược Lực Học : Pioglitazone, a member of the drug group known as the thiazolidinediones or "insulin sensitizers", is not chemically or functionally related to the alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, the biguanides, or the sulfonylureas. Pioglitazone targets insulin resistance and, hence, is used alone or in combination with insulin, metformin, or asulfonylurea as an antidiabetic agent.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Pioglitazone is used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. Pioglitazone selectively stimulates nuclear receptor peroxisone proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma). It modulates the transcription of the insulin-sensitive genes involved in the control of glucose and lipid metabolism in the lipidic, muscular tissues and in the liver. Pioglitazone acts as an agonist at peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR) in target tissues for insulin action such as adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver. Activation of PPAR-gamma receptors increases the transcription of insulin-responsive genes involved in the control of glucose production, transport, and utilization. In this way, pioglitazone both enhances tissue sensitivity to insulin and reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis. Thus, insulin resistance associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus is improved without an increase in insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Following oral administration, in the fasting state, pioglitazone is first measurable in serum within 30 minutes, with peak concentrations observed within 2 hours. Food slightly delays the time to peak serum concentration to 3 to 4 hours, but does not alter the extent of absorption.
▧ Volume of Distribution :
* 0.63 ± 0.41 L/kg
▧ Protein binding :
> 99%
▧ Metabolism :
Hepatic
▧ Route of Elimination :
Following oral administration, approximately 15% to 30% of the pioglitazone dose is recovered in the urine. Renal elimination of pioglitazone is negligible, and the drug is excreted primarily as metabolites and their conjugates. It is presumed that most of the oral dose is excreted into the bile either unchanged or as metabolites and eliminated in the feces.
▧ Half Life :
3-7 hours
▧ Clearance :
* apparent cl=5 - 7 L/h [oral administration]
Độc Tính : Hypogycemia; LD50=mg/kg (orally in rat)
Chỉ Định : Treatment of Type II diabetes mellitus
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Colesevelam Bile Acid Sequestrants may decrease the absorption of Antidiabetic Agents (Thiazolidinedione). Separate the dosing of bile acid sequestrants and thiazolidinediones by at least 2 hours. Monitor for reduced effects of the antidiabetic agents.
  • Gemfibrozil Gemfibrozil may increase the effect and toxicity of pioglitazone.
  • Glucosamine Possibly hyperglycemia
  • Ketoconazole Ketoconazole increases the effect of pioglitazone
  • Mestranol Possible loss of contraceptive effect
  • Norethindrone Possible loss of contraceptive effect
  • Somatropin recombinant Somatropin may antagonize the hypoglycemic effect of pioglitazone. Monitor for changes in fasting and postprandial blood sugars.
  • Tamoxifen Pioglitazone may decrease the therapeutic effect of Tamoxifen by decreasing the production of active metabolites. Consider alternate therapy.
  • Tamsulosin Pioglitazone, a CYP2D6 inhibitor, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tamsulosin, a CYP2D6 substrate. Monitor for changes in therapeutic/adverse effects of Tamsulosin if Pioglitazone is initiated, discontinued, or dose changed.
  • Tramadol Pioglitazone may decrease the effect of Tramadol by decreasing active metabolite production.
  • Tretinoin The moderate CYP2C8 inhibitor, Pioglitazone, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of oral Tretinoin. Monitor for changes in Tretinoin effectiveness and adverse/toxic effects if Pioglitazone is initiated, discontinued to dose changed.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Tablet - Oral
Tablet - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
  • Biệt dược thương mại : Actos 15 mg tablet
    Giá bán buôn : USD >6.3
    Đơn vị tính : tablet
  • Biệt dược thương mại : Actos 45 mg tablet
    Giá bán buôn : USD >11.22
    Đơn vị tính : tablet
  • Biệt dược thương mại : Actos 30 mg tablet
    Giá bán buôn : USD >12.48
    Đơn vị tính : tablet
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Actos
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Actost
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Glustin
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01132
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=4829
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46507136
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C07675
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.4663.html
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/64764-151-04
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA450970
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioglitazone
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/pioglit.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/pioglitazone.html
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