Tìm theo
Lopinavir
Các tên gọi khác (9 ) :
  • a-157378-0
  • a-157378.0
  • ABT-378
  • Kaletra
  • Lopinavir
  • LPV
  • SID124893167
  • SID144205757
  • SID50111692
anti hiv agents, hiv protease inhibitors
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 192725-17-0
ATC: J05AR10
CTHH: C37H48N4O5
PTK: 628.8008
Lopinavir (ABT-378) is an antiretroviral of the protease inhibitor class. It is marketed by Abbott as Kaletra, a co-formulation with a sub-therapeutic dose of ritonavir, as a component of combination therapy to treat HIV/AIDS.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C37H48N4O5
Phân tử khối
628.8008
Monoisotopic mass
628.362470666
InChI
InChI=1S/C37H48N4O5/c1-25(2)34(41-20-12-19-38-37(41)45)36(44)39-30(21-28-15-7-5-8-16-28)23-32(42)31(22-29-17-9-6-10-18-29)40-33(43)24-46-35-26(3)13-11-14-27(35)4/h5-11,13-18,25,30-32,34,42H,12,19-24H2,1-4H3,(H,38,45)(H,39,44)(H,40,43)/t30-,31-,32-,34-/m0/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=KJHKTHWMRKYKJE-SUGCFTRWSA-N
IUPAC Name
(2S)-N-[(2S,4S,5S)-5-[2-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetamido]-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexan-2-yl]-3-methyl-2-(2-oxo-1,3-diazinan-1-yl)butanamide
Traditional IUPAC Name
lopinavir
SMILES
CC(C)[C@H](N1CCCNC1=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C[C@H](O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)COC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C)CC1=CC=CC=C1
Độ hòa tan
1.92e-03 g/l
logP
4.69
logS
-5.5
pKa (strongest acidic)
13.39
pKa (Strongest Basic)
-1.5
PSA
120 Å2
Refractivity
179.36 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
69.2 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
15
H Bond Acceptor Count
5
H Bond Donor Count
4
Physiological Charge
0
Number of Rings
4
Bioavailability
0
MDDR-Like Rule
true
Dược Lực Học : Lopinavir is an antiretroviral of the protease inhibitor class. Inhibiting HIV-1 protease (responsible for protein cleavage), results in selectively inhibiting the cleavage of HIV gag and gag-pol polyproteins, thereby preventing viral maturation.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Lopinavir (ABT-378) is an antiretroviral of the protease inhibitor class. It is marketed by Abbott as Kaletra, a co-formulation with a sub-therapeutic dose of ritonavir, as a component of combination therapy to treat HIV/AIDS. Lopinavir inhibits the HIV viral protease enzyme. This prevents cleavage of the gag-pol polyprotein and, therefore, improper viral assembly results. This subsequently results in non-infectious, immature viral particles.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Administered alone, lopinavir has insufficient bioavailability; however, like several HIV protease inhibitors, its blood levels are greatly increased by low doses of ritonavir, a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A4.
▧ Protein binding :
Lopinavir is highly bound to plasma proteins (98-99%).
▧ Metabolism :
Hepatic. Lopinavir is extensively metabolized by the hepatic cytochrome P450 system, almost exclusively by the CYP3A isozyme.
Độc Tính : Although human experience of acute overdosage with lopinavir is limited, accidental ingestion of the product by a young child could result in significant alcohol-related toxicity and could approach the potential lethal dose of alcohol.
Chỉ Định : Indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-infection.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Abacavir The serum concentration of Abacavir may be decreased by protease inhibitors such as Lopinavir. The antiviral response should be closely monitored.
  • Bromazepam Lopinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of bromazepam by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of bromazepam if lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed. Dosage adjustments may be required.
  • Dantrolene Lopinavir may increase the serum concentration of dantrolene by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of dantrolene if lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Darunavir Decreased levels of darunavir
  • Etravirine Etravirine, when used concomitantly with protease inhibitors, may experience a decrease in serum concentration. Protease inhibitors, when used concomitantly with etravirine, may experience an increase in serum concentration. Ritonavir boosting of etravirine therapy is a requirement to concurrent therapy. In addition, it is recommended to monitor serum concentrations of the antiretrovirals, as well as to monitor antiretroviral therapy for efficacy.
  • Fosphenytoin Levels of both drugs are affected
  • Phenytoin Levels of both drugs are affected
  • Pitavastatin Lopinavir decreases metabolism of pitavastatin thus increasing serum concentration. Avoid concomitant drug therapy.
  • Ponatinib Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors may increase levels of ponatinib. Monitor concomitant therapy closely.
  • Roflumilast Affects CYP1A2 metabolism; decreases level or effect of roflumilast.
  • Tacrolimus The protease inhibitor, Lopinavir, may increase the blood concentration of Tacrolimus. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic/toxic effects of Tacrolimus if Lopinavir therapy is initiated, discontinued or altered.
  • Tadalafil Lopinavir may reduce the metabolism of Tadalafil. Concomitant therapy should be avoided if possible due to high risk of Tadalafil toxicity.
  • Tamoxifen Lopinavir may decrease the therapeutic effect of Tamoxifen by decreasing the production of active metabolites. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Tamsulosin Lopinavir, a CYP3A4/2D6 inhibitor, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tamsulosin, a CYP3A4/2D6 substrate. Monitor for changes in therapeutic/adverse effects of Tamsulosin if Lopinavir is initiated, discontinued, or dose changed.
  • Telithromycin Lopinavir may increase the plasma concentration of Telithromycin. Consider alternate therapy or monitor therapeutic/adverse effects.
  • Temsirolimus Lopinavir may inhibit the metabolism and clearance of Temsirolimus. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Teniposide The strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, Lopinavir, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Teniposide, a CYP3A4 substrate. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Teniposide if Lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Tiagabine The strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, Lopinavir, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tiagabine, a CYP3A4 substrate. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Tiagabine if Lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Tipranavir Tipranavir, co-administered with Ritonavir, may decrease the plasma concentration of Lopinavir. Consider alternate therapy.
  • Tolterodine Lopinavir may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tolterodine. Adjust Tolterodine dose and monitor for efficacy and toxicity.
  • Topotecan The p-glycoprotein inhibitor, Lopinavir, may increase the bioavailability of oral Topotecan. A clinically significant effect is also expected with IV Topotecan. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Tramadol Lopinavir may increase Tramadol toxicity by decreasing Tramadol metabolism and clearance. Lopinavir may decrease the effect of Tramadol by decreasing active metabolite production.
  • Trazodone The protease inhibitor, Lopinavir, may increase the efficacy/toxicity of Trazodone by inhibiting Trazodone metabolism and clearance. Monitor for changes in Trazodone efficacy/toxicity if Lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Trimipramine The strong CYP3A4/CYP2D6 inhibitor, Lopinavir, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Trimipramine, a CYP3A4/CYP2D6 substrate. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in therapeutic and adverse effects of Trimipramine if Lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Vardenafil Lopinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may reduce the metabolism and clearance of Vardenafil. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of Vardenafil.
  • Venlafaxine Lopinavir, a CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 inhibitor, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Venlafaxine, a CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 substrate. Monitor for changes in therapeutic/adverse effects of Venlafaxine if Lopinavir is initiated, discontinued, or dose changed.
  • Verapamil Lopinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of Veramapil, a CYP3A4 substrate, by decreasing its metabolism and clearance. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Verapamil if Lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Vinblastine Lopinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may decrease the metabolism of Vinblastine. Consider alternate therapy to avoid Vinblastine toxicity. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic/adverse effects of Vinblastine if Lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Vincristine Lopinavir, a strong CYP3A4 and p-glycoprotein inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of Vincristine by decreasing its metabolism and/or increasing its efflux. Consider alternate therapy to avoid Vincristine toxicity. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of Vincristine if Lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Vinorelbine Lopinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of Vinorelbine by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy to avoid Vinorelbine toxicity. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of Vinorelbine if Lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Voriconazole Lopinavir may reduce serum concentration and efficacy of voriconazole. This combination should be avoided unless the potential benefits outweigh the risk of reduced voriconazole efficacy.
  • Zolpidem Lopinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of zolpidem by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of zolpidem if lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Zonisamide Lopinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of zonisamide by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of zonisamide if lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Zopiclone Lopinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of zopiclone by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of zopiclone if lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Zuclopenthixol Lopinavir, a strong CYP2D6 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of zuclopenthixol by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of zuclopenthixol if lopinavir is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Capsule - Oral
Solution - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Aluviran
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Koletra
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01601
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=92727
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46508588
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C12871
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D01425
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.83706.html
BindingDB
http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=578
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA450264
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lopinavir
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/kaletracaps.htm
PDRhealth
http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/kal1581.shtml
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