Tìm theo
Dihydrocodeine
Các tên gọi khác (2) :
  • DHC
  • Remedacen
Thuốc giảm đau có opioid
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 125-28-0
ĐG : A-S Medication Solutions LLC , http://orders.a-smeds.com
CTHH: C18H23NO3
PTK: 301.3801
Dihydrocodeine is an opioid analgesic used as an alternative or adjunct to codeine to treat moderate to severe pain, severe dyspnea, and cough. It is semi-synthetic, and was developed in Germany in 1908 during an international search to find a more effective antitussive agent to help reduce the spread of airborne infectious diseases such as tuburculosis. It was marketed in 1911. [Wikipedia]
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C18H23NO3
Phân tử khối
301.3801
Monoisotopic mass
301.167793607
InChI
InChI=1S/C18H23NO3/c1-19-8-7-18-11-4-5-13(20)17(18)22-16-14(21-2)6-3-10(15(16)18)9-12(11)19/h3,6,11-13,17,20H,4-5,7-9H2,1-2H3/t11-,12+,13-,17-,18-/m0/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=RBOXVHNMENFORY-DNJOTXNNSA-N
IUPAC Name
(1S,5R,13R,14S,17R)-10-methoxy-4-methyl-12-oxa-4-azapentacyclo[9.6.1.0^{1,13}.0^{5,17}.0^{7,18}]octadeca-7(18),8,10-trien-14-ol
Traditional IUPAC Name
dihydrocodeine
SMILES
[H][C@@]12OC3=C(OC)C=CC4=C3[C@@]11CCN(C)[C@]([H])(C4)[C@]1([H])CC[C@@H]2O
Độ tan chảy
112.5 °C
Độ hòa tan
2.38e+00 g/l
logP
1.55
logS
-2.1
pKa (strongest acidic)
14.15
pKa (Strongest Basic)
9.33
PSA
41.93 Å2
Refractivity
83.64 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
32.82 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
1
H Bond Acceptor Count
4
H Bond Donor Count
1
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
5
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Ghose Filter
true
Dược Lực Học : Possible opioid related side effects include, but are not limited to, drowsiness, nausea, headache, dry mouth, constipation, difficulty passing urine, and mild euphoria.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Dihydrocodeine is an opioid analgesic used as an alternative or adjunct to codeine to treat moderate to severe pain, severe dyspnea, and cough. It is semi-synthetic, and was developed in Germany in 1908 during an international search to find a more effective antitussive agent to help reduce the spread of airborne infectious diseases such as tuburculosis. It was marketed in 1911. [Wikipedia] Dihydrocodeine is metabolized to dihydromorphine -- a highly active metabolite with a high affinity for mu opioid receptors. [3]
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Bioavailability is low (approximately 20%) if administered orally. This may be due to poor gastrointestinal absorption. It is also likely due to pre-systemic metabolism by the liver and intestinal wall. [2] The AUCs after oral and intravenous administration are similar (3203ug/l/h and 3401ug/l/h, respectively). [2] Time to peak values are 1.6 and 1.8hours for a 30mg and 60mg dose, respectively. The concentrations achieved were 71.8 ug/1 and 146 ug/1, respectively. [2]
▧ Volume of Distribution :
The disposition of dihydrocodeine is described as a two compartment model. [2]
▧ Metabolism :
Metabolized in the liver by CYP 2D6 into an active metabolite, dihydromorphine, and by CYP 3A4 into secondary primary metabolite, nordihydrocodeine. A third primary metabolite is dihydrocodeine-6-glucuronide. [1] The time for mean peak concentration in acid metabolites is 1.76h and 1.98h for a 30 and 60mg dose, respectively. The concentrations achieved were 563 ug/1 and 1476 ug/1, respectively. [2]
▧ Route of Elimination :
Renal elimination and urinary excretion. [1]
▧ Half Life :
4h
▧ Clearance :
Plasma clearance is approximately 300ml/min. [2] The pharmacokinetics of dihydrocodeine and active metabolite dihydromorphine have been reported to be linear. [1] The decline in plasma dihydrocodeine concentrations after intravenous administration has been described as bi-exponential, with a sleep decline in the initial 2h following administration, followed by a mono-exponential decline thereafter. Clearance was not dose dependent. [2]
Chỉ Định : Dihydrocodeine is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including post-operative and dental pain [2]. It can also be used to treat chronic pain [1], breathlessness and coughing. In heroin addicts, dihydrocodeine has been used as a substitute drug, in doses up to 2500mg/day to treat addiction. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2014322/]
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Alvimopan Opioids may enhance Alvimopan toxicity, especially when opiate use for more than 7 days is in place prior to alvimopan initiation. Alvimopan is contraindicated for use if patients have been dosed with opioids for more than 7 consecutive days.
  • Ammonium chloride May enhance excretion of dihydrocodeine. Recommended to monitor for reduced therapeutic effect.
  • Amphetamine Amphetamines may enhance analgesic effects of dihydrocodeine. Monitor for enhanced analgesia. Dose reductions of dihydrocodeine may be appropriate.
  • Azelastine Enhanced CNS depressant effects contraindicates concurrent use.
  • Chlorpromazine Phenothiazines may enhance hypotensive effects of opioid analgesics. It is recommended to monitor patients for hypotension.
  • Clozapine CNS depressants may enhance the adverse effects and toxicity of other CNS depressants. It is recommended to monitor therapy.
  • Desmopressin Opioids may enhance the adverse effects and toxicity of desmopressin. It is recommended to monitor therapy.
  • Droperidol Enhanced CNS depressant effects are possible. Consider dose reduction of a CNS agent, if concurrent use is not avoidable.
  • Hydrochlorothiazide Dihydrocodeine may enhance the hypotensive effects of thiazide diuretics. It is recommended to monitor therapy.
  • Hydroxyzine May enhance CNS depressant effects of CNS depressants. It is recommended to monitor therapy.
  • Magnesium Sulfate May enhance CNS depressant effects of CNS depressants. It is recommended to monitor therapy.
  • Metyrosine Concurrent use may enhance the sedative effect of Metyrosine. It is recommended to monitor therapy.
  • Octreotide Concurrent use may enhance the analgesic effect of dihydrocodeine. It is recommended to monitor therapy, and reduce the dose of dihydrocodeine as appropriate.
  • Oprelvekin May increase the serum levels of opioid analgesics. It is recommended to monitor therapy for the signs and symptoms of respiratory depression and enhanced sedation.
  • Paroxetine Opioid analgesics may enhance the 5HT effects of SSRIs to cause serotonin syndrome. It is recommended to monitor therapy.
  • Pegvisomant Opioids may diminish the therapeutic effect of pegvisomant. It is recommended to monitor therapy.
  • Perampanel Enhanced CNS depressant effects. Consider therapy modification, and avoid performing complex and high risk activities like driving until side effects are known.
  • Pramipexole Dihydrocodeine may enhance the sedative effect of pramipexole. It is recommended to monitor therapy
  • Quinidine Use of quinidine may reduce dihydrocodeine's analgesic effect.
  • Ropinirole Dihydrocodeine may enhance the sedative effect of ropinirole. It is recommended to monitor therapy
  • Rotigotine Dihydrocodeine may enhance the sedative effect of rotigotine. It is recommended to monitor therapy.
  • Succinylcholine May enhance the bradycardic effect of opioid analgesics. It is recommended to monitor therapy.
  • Triprolidine The CNS depressants, Triprolidine and Dihydrocodeine, may increase adverse/toxic effects due to additivity. Monitor for increased CNS depressant effects during concomitant therapy.
  • Zolpidem Enhanced CNS depressant effects contraindicates concurrent use for certain brand name formulations of zolpidem.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Elixir - Oral
Injection - Intramuscular
Injection - Intramuscular - 50MG/ML
Injection - Subcutaneous
Solution - Oral
Suppository - Rectal
Tablet - Oral - 30MG
Tablet, extended release - Oral - 120MG
Tablet, extended release - Oral - 60MG
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Codidol
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Contugesic
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Dehace
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : DF-118 Forte
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Dicogesic
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Hydrocodin
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Remedacen
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01551
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=5284543
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46506478
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C08024
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D01481
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.4447600.html
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA449322
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydrocodeine
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/international/dihydrocodeine.html
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