Tìm theo
Bretylium
Các tên gọi khác (3) :
  • (2-Bromobenzyl)ethyldimethylaminium
  • 2-Bromo-N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylbenzenemethanaminium
  • N-Ethyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-bromobenzenemethanaminium
antihypertensive agents, anti arrhythmia agents, adrenergic antagonists
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 59-41-6
ATC: C01BD02
CTHH: C11H17BrN
PTK: 243.163
Bretylium blocks the release of noradrenaline from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. The primary mode of action for bretylium is thought to be inhibition of voltage-gated K(+) channels. Recent evidence has shown that bretylium may also inhibit the Na,K-ATPase by binding to the extracellular K-site.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C11H17BrN
Phân tử khối
243.163
Monoisotopic mass
242.054437196
InChI
InChI=1S/C11H17BrN/c1-4-13(2,3)9-10-7-5-6-8-11(10)12/h5-8H,4,9H2,1-3H3/q+1
InChI Key
InChIKey=AAQOQKQBGPPFNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
[(2-bromophenyl)methyl](ethyl)dimethylazanium
Traditional IUPAC Name
bretylium
SMILES
CC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1Br
Độ tan chảy
238
Độ hòa tan
Freely soluble
logP
-1.1
logS
-6.3
pKa (strongest acidic)
17.58
Refractivity
72.89 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
23.24 Å3
Polar Surface Area (PSA)
0
Rotatable Bond Count
3
H Bond Acceptor Count
0
H Bond Donor Count
0
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
1
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Dược Lực Học : Bretylium is a bromobenzyl quaternary ammonium compound which selectively accumulates in sympathetic ganglia and their postganglionic adrenergic neurons where it inhibits norepinephrine release by depressing adrenergic nerve terminal excitability. Bretylium also suppresses ventricular fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Bretylium blocks the release of noradrenaline from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, and is used in emergency medicine, cardiology, and other specialties for the acute management of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. The primary mode of action for bretylium is thought to be inhibition of voltage-gated K(+) channels. Recent evidence has shown that bretylium may also inhibit the Na,K-ATPase by binding to the extracellular K-site. Bretylium inhibits norepinephrine release by depressing adrenergic nerve terminal excitability. The mechanisms of the antifibrillatory and antiarrhythmic actions of bretylium are not established. In efforts to define these mechanisms, the following electrophysiologic actions of bretylium have been demonstrated in animal experiments: increase in ventricular fibrillation threshold, increase in action potential duration and effective refractory period without changes in heart rate, little effect on the rate of rise or amplitude of the cardiac action potential (Phase 0) or in resting membrane potential (Phase 4) in normal myocardium, decrease in the disparity in action potential duration between normal and infarcted regions, and increase in impulse formation and spontaneous firing rate of pacemaker tissue as well as increase ventricular conduction velocity.
Dược Động Học :

▧ Metabolism :
No metabolites have been identified following administration in man and laboratory animals.
▧ Half Life :
The terminal half-life in four normal volunteers averaged 7.8±0.6 hours (range 6.9-8.1). During hemodialysis, this patient's arterial and venous bretylium concentrations declined rapidly, resulting in a half-life of 13 hours.
Độc Tính : Oral, mouse: LD50 = 400 mg/kg. In the presence of life-threatening arrhythmias, underdosing with bretylium probably presents a greater risk to the patient than potential overdosage. However, one case of accidental overdose has been reported in which a rapidly injected intravenous bolus of 30 mg/kg was given instead of an intended 10 mg/kg dose during an episode of ventricular tachycardia. Marked hypertension resulted, followed by protracted refractory hypotension. The patient expired 18 hours later in asystole, complicated by renal failure and aspiration pneumonitis. Bretylium serum levels were 8000 ng/mL.
Chỉ Định : For use in the prophylaxis and therapy of ventricular fibrillation. Also used in the treatment of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia, that have failed to respond to adequate doses of a first-line antiarrhythmic agent, such as lidocaine.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Cisapride Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Clarithromycin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Erythromycin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arryhthmias
  • Gatifloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Grepafloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Levofloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Mesoridazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Moxifloxacin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Ranolazine Possible additive effect on QT prolongation
  • Telithromycin Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
  • Thioridazine Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Liquid - Intramuscular
Solution - Intramuscular
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : Sanofi-Aventis
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Anxyrex
  • Công ty : ICI
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Bretylol
  • Công ty : Nycomed
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Bromidem
  • Công ty : AstraZeneca
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Creosedin
  • Sản phẩm biệt dược : Darenthin
  • Công ty : Roche
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Lexotan
  • Công ty : Novartis
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Xionil
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01158
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=2431
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46505320
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D00645
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.2337.html
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA448662
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretylium
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/bretosy.htm
... loading
... loading