Tìm theo
Acetylsalicylic acid
Các tên gọi khác (20 ) :
  • 2-(ACETYLOXY)benzoic acid
  • 2-Acetoxybenzenecarboxylic acid
  • 2-Acetoxybenzoic acid
  • Acetylsalicylate
  • Acetylsalicylic acid
  • Acetylsalicylsaeure
  • Acide 2-(acetyloxy)benzoique
  • Acide acétylsalicylique
  • ácido acetilsalicílico
  • Acidum acetylsalicylicum
  • ASA
  • Aspirin
  • Azetylsalizylsaeure
  • Azetylsalizylsäure
  • Easprin
  • o-acetoxybenzoic acid
  • O-acetylsalicylic acid
  • o-carboxyphenyl acetate
  • Polopiryna
  • Salicylic acid acetate
Thuốc giảm đau, hạ sốt, chống viêm không steroid, điều trị Gút và các bệnh xương khớp
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 50-78-2
ATC: A01AD05, B01AC06, N02BA01
ĐG : A-S Medication Solutions LLC , http://orders.a-smeds.com
CTHH: C9H8O4
PTK: 180.1574
The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Acetylsalicylic acid also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5)
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C9H8O4
Phân tử khối
180.1574
Monoisotopic mass
180.042258744
InChI
InChI=1S/C9H8O4/c1-6(10)13-8-5-3-2-4-7(8)9(11)12/h2-5H,1H3,(H,11,12)
InChI Key
InChIKey=BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name
aspirin
SMILES
CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O
Độ tan chảy
135 °C
Độ sôi
140 °C
Độ hòa tan
4600 mg/L (at 25 °C)
logP
1.19
logS
-2.1
pKa (strongest acidic)
3.41
pKa (Strongest Basic)
-7.1
PSA
63.6 Å2
Refractivity
44.45 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
17.1 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
3
H Bond Acceptor Count
3
H Bond Donor Count
1
Physiological Charge
-1
Number of Rings
1
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Ghose Filter
true
caco2 Permeability
-5.06
pKa
3.49 (at 25 °C)
Dược Lực Học : Acetylsalicylic acid is an analgesic, antipyretic, antirheumatic, and anti-inflammatory agent. Acetylsalicylic acid's mode of action as an antiinflammatory and antirheumatic agent may be due to inhibition of synthesis and release of prostaglandins. Acetylsalicylic acid appears to produce analgesia by virtue of both a peripheral and CNS effect. Peripherally, acetylsalicylic acid acts by inhibiting the synthesis and release of prostaglandins. Acting centrally, it would appear to produce analgesia at a hypothalamic site in the brain, although the mode of action is not known. Acetylsalicylic acid also acts on the hypothalamus to produce antipyresis; heat dissipation is increased as a result of vasodilation and increased peripheral blood flow. Acetylsalicylic acid's antipyretic activity may also be related to inhibition of synthesis and release of prostaglandins.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Acetylsalicylic acid also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5) The analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects of acetylsalicylic acid are due to actions by both the acetyl and the salicylate portions of the intact molecule as well as by the active salicylate metabolite. Acetylsalicylic acid directly and irreversibly inhibits the activity of both types of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) to decrease the formation of precursors of prostaglandins and thromboxanes from arachidonic acid. This makes acetylsalicylic acid different from other NSAIDS (such as diclofenac and ibuprofen) which are reversible inhibitors. Salicylate may competitively inhibit prostaglandin formation. Acetylsalicylic acid's antirheumatic (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory) actions are a result of its analgesic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms; the therapeutic effects are not due to pituitary-adrenal stimulation. The platelet aggregation-inhibiting effect of acetylsalicylic acid specifically involves the compound's ability to act as an acetyl donor to cyclooxygenase; the nonacetylated salicylates have no clinically significant effect on platelet aggregation. Irreversible acetylation renders cyclooxygenase inactive, thereby preventing the formation of the aggregating agent thromboxane A2 in platelets. Since platelets lack the ability to synthesize new proteins, the effects persist for the life of the exposed platelets (7-10 days). Acetylsalicylic acid may also inhibit production of the platelet aggregation inhibitor, prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2), by blood vessel endothelial cells; however, inhibition prostacyclin production is not permanent as endothelial cells can produce more cyclooxygenase to replace the non-functional enzyme.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Absorption is generally rapid and complete following oral administration but may vary according to specific salicylate used, dosage form, and other factors such as tablet dissolution rate and gastric or intraluminal pH.
▧ Protein binding :
High (99.5%) to albumin. Decreases as plasma salicylate concentration increases, with reduced plasma albumin concentration or renal dysfunction, and during pregnancy.
▧ Metabolism :
Acetylsalicylic acid is rapidly hydrolyzed primarily in the liver to salicylic acid, which is conjugated with glycine (forming salicyluric acid) and glucuronic acid and excreted largely in the urine.
▧ Half Life :
The plasma half-life is approximately 15 minutes; that for salicylate lengthens as the dose increases: doses of 300 to 650 mg have a half-life of 3.1 to 3.2 hours; with doses of 1 gram, the half-life is increased to 5 hours and with 2 grams it is increased to about 9 hours.
Độc Tính : Oral, mouse: LD50 = 250 mg/kg; Oral, rabbit: LD50 = 1010 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 200 mg/kg. Effects of overdose include: tinnitus, abdominal pain, hypokalemia, hypoglycemia, pyrexia, hyperventilation, dysrhythmia, hypotension, hallucination, renal failure, confusion, seizure, coma, and death.
Chỉ Định : For use in the temporary relief of various forms of pain, inflammation associated with various conditions (including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis), and is also used to reduce the risk of death and/or nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with a previous infarction or unstable angina pectoris.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Acenocoumarol Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of the anticoagulant, acenocoumarol.
  • Acetazolamide Acetylsalicylic acid at high dose increases the effect of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazolamide.
  • Acetohexamide Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of sulfonylurea, acetohexamide.
  • Anisindione Acetylsalicylic acid increases effect of the anticoagulant, anisindione.
  • Azilsartan medoxomil Increases toxicity of each. May deteriorate renal function, particularly in volume depleted or elderly patients. Decreases effects of azilsartan by antagonism.
  • Betamethasone The corticosteroid, betamethasone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Chlorpropamide Acetylsalicylic acid may increase the effect of the sulfonylurea, chlorpropamide.
  • Cortisone acetate The corticosteroid, cortisone acetate, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Dexamethasone The corticosteroid, dexamethasone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Diclofenamide Acetylsalicylic acid at high dose increases the effect of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, dichlorphenamide.
  • Dicoumarol Acetylsalicylic acid increases effect of the anticoagulant, dicumarol.
  • Eltrombopag Decreases metabolism, will increase effect/level of eltrombopag.
  • Fludrocortisone The corticosteroid, fludrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Ginkgo biloba Additive anticoagulant/antiplatelet effects may increase bleed risk. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
  • Gliclazide Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, gliclazide.
  • Glipizide Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, glipizide.
  • Glisoxepide Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, glisoxepide.
  • Glyburide Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, glibenclamide.
  • Glycodiazine Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of sulfonylurea, glycodiazine.
  • Griseofulvin Griseofulvin may decrease the efficacy of acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Heparin Increased risk of bleeding.
  • Homoharringtonine Avoid combination with acetylsalicylic acid due to the potential enhancement of homoharringtonine associated bleeding-related adverse effects. Specifically it is suggested to avoid this combination in patients with a platelet count of less than 50,000/uL.
  • Hydrocortisone The corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Ibuprofen Concomitant therapy of the NSAID, ketoprofen, and acetylsalicylic acid may result in additive adverse/toxic effects (e.g. GI bleeding). The NSAID may also limit the cardioprotective effect of acetylsalicylic acid. Occasional concomitant use may not cause clinically significant problems, but regular, frequent concomitant therapy is not recommended.
  • Ketoprofen Concomitant therapy of the NSAID, ketoprofen, and acetylsalicylic acid may result in additive adverse/toxic effects (e.g. GI bleeding). The NSAID may also limit the cardioprotective effect of acetylsalicylic acid. Occasional concomitant use may not cause clinically significant problems, but regular, frequent concomitant therapy is not recommended.
  • Ketorolac Acetylsalicylic acid may increase the adverse GI effects ketorolac.
  • Methazolamide Acetylsalicylic acid at high dose increases the effect of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, methazolamide.
  • Methotrexate Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect and toxicity of methotrexate.
  • Methylprednisolone The corticosteroid, methylprednisolone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Paramethasone The corticosteroid, paramethasone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Prednisolone The corticosteroid, prednisolone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Prednisone The corticosteroid, prednisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Probenecid Acetylsalicylic acid decreases the uricosuric effect of probenecid.
  • Sulindac Risk of additive toxicity (e.g. bleed risk). Acetylsalicylic acid may decrease the serum concentration of sulindac. Sulindac may counteract the cardioprotective effects of acetylsalicylic acid. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of both agents if the interacting agent is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Telmisartan Concomitant use of Telmisartan and Acetylsalicylic acid may increase the risk of acute renal failure and hyperkalemia. Monitor renal function at the beginning and during treatment.
  • Tiaprofenic acid Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • Ticlopidine Increased effect of ticlopidine
  • Tolazamide Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, tolazamide.
  • Tolbutamide Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of the sulfonylurea, tolbutamide.
  • Tolmetin Additive adverse effects increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Possible decrease in the cardioprotective effect of acetylsalicylic acid. Monitor for increased bleeding risk during concomitant therapy.
  • Trandolapril Acetylsalicylic acid may reduce the efficacy of Trandolapril. Monitor for changes in Trandolapril efficacy if Acetylsalicylic acid is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Treprostinil The prostacyclin analogue, Treprostinil, increases the risk of bleeding when combined with the antiplatelet agent, Acetylsalicylic acid. Monitor for increased bleeding during concomitant thearpy.
  • Triamcinolone The corticosteroid, triamcinolone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.
  • Valproic Acid Acetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of valproic acid.
  • Warfarin The antiplatelet effects of acetylsalicylic acid may increase the bleed risk associated with warfarin.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Gum - Oral
Liquid - Oral
Powder - Oral
Solution / drops - Oral
Suppository - Rectal
Tablet - Oral
Tablet, chewable - Oral
Tablet, coated - Oral
Tablet, delayed release - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Acenterine
  • Công ty : Merck
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Acetophen
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Adiro
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Aspergum
  • Sản phẩm biệt dược : Aspirin
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Aspro
  • Sản phẩm biệt dược : Bayer Aspirin
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Easprin
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Ecotrin
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Empirin
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Entrophen
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Nu-seals
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Rhodine
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Rhonal
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Solprin
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Solprin acid
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : St. Joseph Aspirin for Adults
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Tasprin
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00945
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=2244
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46505803
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C01405
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D00109
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.2157.html
BindingDB
http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=22360
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA448497
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirin
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/asa.htm
PDRhealth
http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/asp1033.shtml
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/aspirin.html
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