Tìm theo
Testosterone
Các tên gọi khác (15 ) :
  • 17beta-hydroxy-4-androsten-3-one
  • 17beta-Hydroxy-4-androsten-3-one
  • 4-Androsten-17beta-ol-3-one
  • 4-androsten-17β-ol-3-one
  • Androderm
  • Depo-Testadiol
  • Mertestate
  • Synandrol F
  • Testosteron
  • Testosterona
  • Testostérone
  • Testosteronum
  • Testoxyl
  • Testryl
  • Virosterone
Hormon, Nội tiết tố
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 58-22-0
ATC: G03BA02, G03BA03, G03EK01
ĐG : Abraxis BioScience Inc. , http://www.abraxisbio.com
CTHH: C19H28O2
PTK: 288.4244
Testosterone is a steroid sex hormone found in both men and women. In men, testosterone is produced primarily by the Leydig (interstitial) cells of the testes when stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH). It functions to stimulate spermatogenesis, promote physical and functional maturation of spermatozoa, maintain accessory organs of the male reproductive tract, support development of secondary sexual characteristics, stimulate growth and metabolism throughout the body and influence brain development by stimulating sexual behaviors and sexual drive. In women, testosterone is produced by the ovaries (25%), adrenals (25%) and via peripheral conversion from androstenedione (50%). Testerone in women functions to maintain libido and general wellbeing. Testosterone exerts a negative feedback mechanism on pituitary release of LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Testosterone may be further converted to dihydrotestosterone or estradiol depending on the tissue.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C19H28O2
Phân tử khối
288.4244
Monoisotopic mass
288.20893014
InChI
InChI=1S/C19H28O2/c1-18-9-7-13(20)11-12(18)3-4-14-15-5-6-17(21)19(15,2)10-8-16(14)18/h11,14-17,21H,3-10H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,17-,18-,19-/m0/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=MUMGGOZAMZWBJJ-DYKIIFRCSA-N
IUPAC Name
(1S,2R,10R,11S,14S,15S)-14-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one
Traditional IUPAC Name
testosterone
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CC[C@H](O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]12C
Độ tan chảy
155 °C
Độ hòa tan
23.4 mg/L (at 25 °C)
logP
3.32
logS
-3.9
pKa (strongest acidic)
19.09
pKa (Strongest Basic)
-0.88
PSA
37.3 Å2
Refractivity
84.43 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
34.02 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
0
H Bond Acceptor Count
2
H Bond Donor Count
1
Physiological Charge
0
Number of Rings
4
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Ghose Filter
true
caco2 Permeability
-4.34
Dược Lực Học : Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group. Testosterone is primarily secreted from the testes of males. In females, it is produced in the ovaries, adrenal glands and by conversion of adrostenedione in the periphery. It is the principal male sex hormone and an anabolic steroid. In both males and females, it plays key roles in health and well-being. Examples include enhanced libido, energy, immune function, and protection against osteoporosis. On average, the adult male body produces about twenty times the amount of testosterone than an adult female's body does.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Testosterone is a steroid sex hormone found in both men and women. In men, testosterone is produced primarily by the Leydig (interstitial) cells of the testes when stimulated by luteinizing hormone (LH). It functions to stimulate spermatogenesis, promote physical and functional maturation of spermatozoa, maintain accessory organs of the male reproductive tract, support development of secondary sexual characteristics, stimulate growth and metabolism throughout the body and influence brain development by stimulating sexual behaviors and sexual drive. In women, testosterone is produced by the ovaries (25%), adrenals (25%) and via peripheral conversion from androstenedione (50%). Testerone in women functions to maintain libido and general wellbeing. Testosterone exerts a negative feedback mechanism on pituitary release of LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Testosterone may be further converted to dihydrotestosterone or estradiol depending on the tissue. The effects of testosterone in humans and other vertebrates occur by way of two main mechanisms: by activation of the androgen receptor (directly or as DHT), and by conversion to estradiol and activation of certain estrogen receptors. Free testosterone (T) is transported into the cytoplasm of target tissue cells, where it can bind to the androgen receptor, or can be reduced to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by the cytoplasmic enzyme 5α-reductase. DHT binds to the same androgen receptor even more strongly than T, so that its androgenic potency is about 2.5 times that of T. The T-receptor or DHT-receptor complex undergoes a structural change that allows it to move into the cell nucleus and bind directly to specific nucleotide sequences of the chromosomal DNA. The areas of binding are called hormone response elements (HREs), and influence transcriptional activity of certain genes, producing the androgen effects.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Approximately 10% of the testosterone dose applied on the skin surface is absorbed into systemic circulation
▧ Protein binding :
40% of testosterone in plasma is bound to sex hormone-binding globulin and 2% remains unbound and the rest is bound to albumin and other proteins.
▧ Metabolism :
Testosterone is metabolized to 17-keto steroids through two different pathways. The major active metabolites are estradiol and dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
▧ Route of Elimination :
About 90% of a dose of testosterone given intramuscularly is excreted in the urine as glucuronic and sulfuric acid conjugates of testosterone and its metabolites; about 6% of a dose is excreted in the feces, mostly in the unconjugated form.
▧ Half Life :
10-100 minutes
Độc Tính : Side effects include amnesia, anxiety, discolored hair, dizziness, dry skin, hirsutism, hostility, impaired urination, paresthesia, penis disorder, peripheral edema, sweating, and vasodilation.
Chỉ Định : To be used as hormone replacement or substitution of diminished or absent endogenous testosterone. Use in males: For management of congenital or acquired hypogonadism, hypogonadism associated with HIV infection, and male climacteric (andopause). Use in females: For palliative treatment of androgen-responsive, advanced, inoperable, metastatis (skeletal) carcinoma of the breast in women who are 1-5 years postmenopausal; testosterone esters may be used in combination with estrogens in the management of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause in women who do not respond to adequately to estrogen therapy alone.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Acenocoumarol The androgen, Testosterone, may incrase the anticoagulant effect of the Vitamin K antagonist, Acenocoumarol. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic effect of Acenocoumarol if Testosterone is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
  • Anisindione The androgen may increase the anticoagulant effect of anisindione.
  • Cyclosporine The androgen, Testosterone, may increase the hepatotoxicity of Cyclosporine. Testosterone may also elevate serum concentrations of Cyclosporine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for signs of renal and hepatic toxicity.
  • Dicoumarol The androgen may increase the anticoagulant effect of dicumarol.
  • Docetaxel Testosterone may increase the serum levels and toxicity of docetaxel.
  • Warfarin Testosterone may increase the serum concentration and anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Monitor for changes in prothrombin time and therapeutic effects of warfarin if testosterone is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Capsule - Oral
Gel - Topical
Liquid - Intramuscular
Patch - Transdermal
Solution - Intramuscular
Solution - Intramuscular
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : Merck
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Andriol
  • Công ty : Hospira
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Androderm
  • Công ty : Abbott
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Androgel
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Andronate 100
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Andronate 200
  • Công ty : GlaxoSmithKline
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Andropatch
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Andropository 200
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Andryl 200
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Aveed
  • Công ty : Lilly
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Axiron
  • Sản phẩm biệt dược : Bio-T-Gel
  • Công ty : Endo
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Delatestryl
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Depo-Testosterone
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : FORTESTA
  • Công ty : Procter & Gamble
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Intrinsa
  • Công ty : Procter & Gamble
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Livensa
  • Công ty : Bayer
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Nebido
  • Công ty : Actient
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Striant
  • Công ty : Organon
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Sustanon
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testamone 100
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testaqua IM
  • Công ty : Auxilium
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testim
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testoderm
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testoderm TTS
  • Công ty : Bayer
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testogel
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testolin
  • Công ty : Pierre Fabre
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testopatch
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testopel
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testopel Pellets
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testrin-P.A
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Testro AQ
  • Công ty : Nordic Pharma
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Virormone
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00624
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=6013
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46505691
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C00535
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D00075
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.5791.html
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0051-8488-88
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA451627
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testosterone
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/androgel.htm
PDRhealth
http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/tes1438.shtml
... loading
... loading