Tìm theo
Thiamine
Các tên gọi khác (9 ) :
  • 3-(4-AMINO-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-ylmethyl)-5-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-3-ium
  • Aneurin
  • Antiberiberi factor
  • Thiamin
  • Thiamine
  • thiamine(1+)
  • thiamine(1+) ion
  • thiaminium
  • Vitamin B1
Khoáng chất và Vitamin
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 59-43-8
ATC: A11DA01
ĐG : Abbott Laboratories Ltd. , http://www.abbott.com
CTHH: C12H17N4OS
PTK: 265.355
Thiamine or thiamin, also known as vitamin B1, is a colorless compound with the chemical formula C12H17N4OS. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Thiamine decomposes if heated. Thiamine was first discovered by Umetaro Suzuki in Japan when researching how rice bran cured patients of Beriberi. Thiamine plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and it is thought that thiamine inhibits the effect of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Thiamine plays an important role in helping the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy. It is essential for normal growth and development and helps to maintain proper functioning of the heart and the nervous and digestive systems. Thiamine cannot be stored in the body; however, once absorbed, the vitamin is concentrated in muscle tissue.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C12H17N4OS
Phân tử khối
265.355
Monoisotopic mass
265.112306876
InChI
InChI=1S/C12H17N4OS/c1-8-11(3-4-17)18-7-16(8)6-10-5-14-9(2)15-12(10)13/h5,7,17H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,15)/q+1
InChI Key
InChIKey=JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
3-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium
Traditional IUPAC Name
thiamine
SMILES
CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N
Độ tan chảy
248 dec °C
Độ hòa tan
5E+005 mg/L
logP
-3.1
logS
-4.3
pKa (strongest acidic)
15.5
pKa (Strongest Basic)
5.54
PSA
75.91 Å2
Refractivity
73.4 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
28.14 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
4
H Bond Acceptor Count
4
H Bond Donor Count
2
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
2
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Dược Lực Học : Thiamine is a vitamin with antioxidant, erythropoietic, cognition-and mood-modulatory, antiatherosclerotic, putative ergogenic, and detoxification activities. Thiamine has been found to protect against lead-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver and kidney. Thiamine deficiency results in selective neuronal death in animal models. The neuronal death is associated with increased free radical production, suggesting that oxidative stress may play an important early role in brain damage associated with thiamine deficiency. Thiamine plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and it is thought that thiamine inhibits the effect of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation may also promote atherosclerosis. Endothelial cells in culture have been found to have a decreased proliferative rate and delayed migration in response to hyperglycemic conditions. Thiamine has been shown to inhibit this effect of glucose on endothelial cells.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Thiamine or thiamin, also known as vitamin B1, is a colorless compound with the chemical formula C12H17N4OS. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Thiamine decomposes if heated. Thiamine was first discovered by Umetaro Suzuki in Japan when researching how rice bran cured patients of Beriberi. Thiamine plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and it is thought that thiamine inhibits the effect of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Thiamine plays an important role in helping the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy. It is essential for normal growth and development and helps to maintain proper functioning of the heart and the nervous and digestive systems. Thiamine cannot be stored in the body; however, once absorbed, the vitamin is concentrated in muscle tissue. It is thought that the mechanism of action of thiamine on endothelial cells is related to a reduction in intracellular protein glycation by redirecting the glycolytic flux. Thiamine is mainly the transport form of the vitamin, while the active forms are phosphorylated thiamine derivatives. There are five known natural thiamine phosphate derivatives: thiamine monophosphate (ThMP), thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), also sometimes called thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), thiamine triphosphate (ThTP), and the recently discovered adenosine thiamine triphosphate (AThTP), and adenosine thiamine diphosphate. Each derivative has unique functions, however, most are involved as coenzymes.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Absorbed mainly from duodenum, by both active and passive processes
▧ Protein binding :
90-94%
▧ Metabolism :
Hepatic
Độc Tính : Thiamine toxicity is uncommon; as excesses are readily excreted, although long-term supplementation of amounts larger than 3 gram have been known to cause toxicity. Oral mouse LD50 = 8224 mg/kg, oral rat LD50 = 3710 mg/kg.
Chỉ Định : For the treatment of thiamine and niacin deficiency states, Korsakov's alcoholic psychosis, Wernicke-Korsakov syndrome, delirium, and peripheral neuritis.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Liquid - Intramuscular
Liquid - Intravenous
Solution - Intravenous
Tablet - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : Eli Lilly
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Betalin S
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Betaxin
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Biamine
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00152
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=1130
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46507321
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C00378
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.1098.html
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA451652
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiamine
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/thiamine.html
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