Tìm theo
Sitagliptin
Các tên gọi khác (7 ) :
  • (2R)-4-OXO-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butan-2-amine
  • MK-0431
  • Sitagliptan
  • Sitagliptin phosphate
  • Sitagliptina
  • Sitagliptine
  • Sitagliptinum
dipeptidyl peptidase iv inhibitors
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 486460-32-6
ATC: A10BH01
ĐG : AQ Pharmaceuticals Inc. , http://www.aqpharmaceuticals.com
CTHH: C16H15F6N5O
PTK: 407.3136
Sitagliptin is a new oral hypoglycemic (anti-diabetic drug) of the new dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class of drugs. This enzyme-inhibiting drug is to be used either alone or in combination with metformin or a thiazolidinedione for control of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The drug works to competitively inhibit a protein/enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), that results in an increased amount of active incretins (GLP-1 and GIP), reduced amount of release of glucagon (diminishes its release) and increased release of insulin.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C16H15F6N5O
Phân tử khối
407.3136
Monoisotopic mass
407.118079357
InChI
InChI=1S/C16H15F6N5O/c17-10-6-12(19)11(18)4-8(10)3-9(23)5-14(28)26-1-2-27-13(7-26)24-25-15(27)16(20,21)22/h4,6,9H,1-3,5,7,23H2/t9-/m1/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=MFFMDFFZMYYVKS-SECBINFHSA-N
IUPAC Name
(3R)-3-amino-1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5H,6H,7H,8H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7-yl]-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butan-1-one
Traditional IUPAC Name
sitagliptin
SMILES
N[C@@H](CC(=O)N1CCN2C(C1)=NN=C2C(F)(F)F)CC1=CC(F)=C(F)C=C1F
Độ hòa tan
3.40e-02 g/l
logP
1.5
logS
-4.1
pKa (Strongest Basic)
8.78
PSA
77.04 Å2
Refractivity
87.49 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
32.66 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
5
H Bond Acceptor Count
4
H Bond Donor Count
1
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
3
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Ghose Filter
true
Dược Lực Học : Sitagliptin is an orally-active member of the new dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class of drugs. The benefit of this medicine is expected to be its lower side-effects of hypoglycemia in the control of blood glucose values. The drug works to diminish the effects of a protein/enzyme (by the inhibition of this protein/enzyme) on the pancreas at the level of release of glucagon (diminishes its release) and at the level of insulin (increases its synthesis and release) until blood glucose levels are restored toward normal, in which case the protein/enzyme-enzyme inhibitor becomes less effective and the amounts of insulin released diminishes thus diminishing the "overshoot" of hypoglycemia seen in other oral hypoglycemic agents.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Sitagliptin is a new oral hypoglycemic (anti-diabetic drug) of the new dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class of drugs. This enzyme-inhibiting drug is to be used either alone or in combination with metformin or a thiazolidinedione for control of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The drug works to competitively inhibit a protein/enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4), that results in an increased amount of active incretins (GLP-1 and GIP), reduced amount of release of glucagon (diminishes its release) and increased release of insulin. Sitagliptin is a highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor, which is believed to exert its actions in patients with type 2 diabetes by slowing the inactivation of incretin hormones, thereby increasing the concentration and prolonging the action of these hormones. Incretin hormones, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), are released by the intestine throughout the day, and levels are increased in response to a meal. These hormones are rapidly inactivated by the enzyme, DPP-4. The incretins are part of an endogenous system involved in the physiologic regulation of glucose homeostasis. When blood glucose concentrations are normal or elevated, GLP-1 and GIP increase insulin synthesis and release from pancreatic beta cells by intracellular signaling pathways involving cyclic AMP. GLP-1 also lowers glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells, leading to reduced hepatic glucose production. By increasing and prolonging active incretin levels, sitagliptin increases insulin release and decreases glucagon levels in the circulation in a glucose-dependent manner. These changes lead to a decrease in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)levels, as well as a lower fasting and postprandial glucose concentration. Sitagliptin demonstrates selectivity for DPP-4 and does not inhibit DPP-8 or DPP-9 activity in vitro at concentrations approximating those from therapeutic doses.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Rapidly absorbed following oral administration, with an absolute bioavailability of 87%.
▧ Volume of Distribution :
* 198 L [healthy subjects]
▧ Protein binding :
The fraction of sitagliptin reversibly bound to plasma proteins is low (38%).
▧ Metabolism :
Sitagliptin does not undergo extensive metabolism. In vitro studies indicate that the primary enzyme responsible for the limited metabolism of sitagliptin was CYP3A4 (oxidation), with contribution from CYP2C8.
▧ Route of Elimination :
Approximately 79% of sitagliptin is excreted unchanged in the urine with metabolism being a minor pathway of elimination. Following administration of an oral [14C]sitagliptin dose to healthy subjects, approximately 100% of the administered radioactivity was eliminated in feces (13%) or urine (87%) within one week of dosing. Elimination of sitagliptin occurs primarily via renal excretion and involves active tubular secretion.
▧ Half Life :
12.4 hours
▧ Clearance :
* renal cl=350 mL/min [Healthy subjects receiving 100 mg oral dose]
Chỉ Định : For use as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Also for use in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve glycemic control in combination with metformin or a PPARγ agonist (e.g., thiazolidinediones) when the single agent alone, with diet and exercise, does not provide adequate glycemic control.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Somatropin recombinant Somatropin may antagonize the hypoglycemic effect of sitagliptin. Monitor for changes in fasting and postprandial blood sugars.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Tablet, film coated - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : Merck & Co.
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Januvia
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Xelevia
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01261
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=4369359
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46505822
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.3571948.html
BindingDB
http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=13513
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0006-0221-31
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA164748978
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitagliptin
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/januvia.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/sitagliptin.html
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