Tìm theo
Ribavirin
Các tên gọi khác (8 ) :
  • 1-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide
  • 1-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide
  • RBV
  • Ribavirin
  • Ribavirina
  • Ribavirine
  • Ribavirinum
  • Tribavirin
Thuốc trị ký sinh trùng, chống nhiễm khuẩn
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 36791-04-5
ATC: J05AB04
ĐG : Amerisource Health Services Corp. , http://www.amerisourcebergen.com
CTHH: C8H12N4O5
PTK: 244.2047
A nucleoside antimetabolite antiviral agent that blocks nucleic acid synthesis and is used against both RNA and DNA viruses. [PubChem]
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C8H12N4O5
Phân tử khối
244.2047
Monoisotopic mass
244.080769514
InChI
InChI=1S/C8H12N4O5/c9-6(16)7-10-2-12(11-7)8-5(15)4(14)3(1-13)17-8/h2-5,8,13-15H,1H2,(H2,9,16)/t3-,4-,5-,8-/m1/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=IWUCXVSUMQZMFG-AFCXAGJDSA-N
IUPAC Name
1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide
Traditional IUPAC Name
ribavirin
SMILES
NC(=O)C1=NN(C=N1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O
Độ tan chảy
174-176 °C
Độ hòa tan
142 mg/mL (max, at 25 °C)
logP
-1.85
logS
-0.87
pKa (strongest acidic)
11.88
pKa (Strongest Basic)
-1.2
PSA
143.72 Å2
Refractivity
64.57 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
22.18 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
3
H Bond Acceptor Count
7
H Bond Donor Count
4
Physiological Charge
0
Number of Rings
2
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Dược Lực Học : Ribavirin is an anti-viral drug active against a number of DNA and RNA viruses. It is a member of the nucleoside antimetabolite drugs that interfere with duplication of the viral genetic material. The drug inhibits the activity of the enzyme RNA dependent RNA polymerase, due to it's resemblence to building blocks of the RNA molecules. The oral form is used in the treatment of hepatitis C, in combination with interferon drugs. The aerosol form is used to treat respiratory syncytial virus-related diseases in children. The primary serious adverse effect of ribavirin is hemolytic anemia, which may worsen preexisting cardiac disease.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : A nucleoside antimetabolite antiviral agent that blocks nucleic acid synthesis and is used against both RNA and DNA viruses. [PubChem] Ribavirin is readily phosphorylated intracellularly by adenosine kinase to ribavirin mono-, di-, and triphosphate metabolites. Ribavirin triphosphate (RTP) is a potent competitive inhibitor of inosine monophosphate (IMP) dehydrogenase, viral RNA polymerase and messenger RNA (mRNA) guanylyltransferase (viral) and can be incorporated into RNA in RNA viral species.. Guanylyltranserase inhibition stops the capping of mRNA. These diverse effects result in a marked reduction of intracellular guanosine triphosphate (GTP) pools and inhibition of viral RNA and protein synthesis. Ribavirin is also incorporated into the viral genome causing lethal mutagenesis and a subsequent decrease in specific viral infectivity.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Rapidly and extensively absorbed following oral administration. However, due to first-pass metabolism, the absolute bioavailability averages 64%.
▧ Metabolism :
Hepatic. Results of in vitro studies using both human and rat liver microsome preparations indicated little or no cytochrome P450 enzyme-mediated metabolism of ribavirin, with minimal potential for P450 enzyme-based drug interactions. Ribavirin has two pathways of metabolism: (1) a reversible phosphorylation pathway in nucleated cells; and (2) a degradative pathway involving deribosylation and amide hydrolysis to yield a triazole carboxylic acid metabolite.
▧ Half Life :
9.5 hours
▧ Clearance :
* Apparent cl=26 L/h [A single oral dose]
Độc Tính : Side effects include "flu-like" symptoms, such as headache, fatigue, myalgia, and fever. The LD50 in mice is 2 g/kg orally and is associated with hypoactivity and gastrointestinal symptoms (estimated human equivalent dose of 0.17 g/kg, based on body surface area conversion).
Chỉ Định : For the treatment of chronic hepatitis C and for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Abacavir Ribavirin may increase the hepatotoxicity of reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nucleoside) such as Abacavir. Lactic acidosis may occur. Consider modifying therapy.
  • Zalcitabine Ribavirin may increase the hepatotoxicity of zalcitabine. May cause lactic acidosis. MOnitor for lactic acidosis during concomitant therapy.
  • Zidovudine Increased risk or severity of anemia. Consider alternate therapy or monitor more closely for anemia.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Aerosol - Respiratory (inhalation)
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : Roche
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Copegus
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Moderiba
  • Công ty : Schering-Plough
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Rebetol
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Rebretron
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Ribamide
  • Công ty : Three Rivers
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Ribasphere
  • Công ty : Valeant
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Vilona
  • Công ty : Il Sung
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Viramid
  • Công ty : Grossman
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Virazide
  • Công ty : Meda
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Virazole
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00811
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=37542
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46505883
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D00423
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.34439.html
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0004-0086-94
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA451241
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribavirin
RxList
www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/ribavirin.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/ribavirin.html
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