Tìm theo
Pantothenic acid
Các tên gọi khác (4 ) :
  • (+)-Pantothenic acid
  • D-pantothenic acid
  • Pantothenate
  • Vitamin B5
Vitamin
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 79-83-4
CTHH: C9H17NO5
PTK: 219.235
Pantothenic acid, also called pantothenate or vitamin B5 (a B vitamin), is a water-soluble vitamin discovered by Roger J. Williams in 1919. For many animals, pantothenic acid is an essential nutrient. Animals require pantothenic acid to synthesize coenzyme-A (CoA), as well as to synthesize and metabolize proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. Pantothenic acid is the amide between pantoic acid and β-alanine. Small quantities of pantothenic acid are found in nearly every food, with high amounts in whole-grain cereals, legumes, eggs, meat, royal jelly, avocado, and yogurt. It is commonly found as its alcohol analog, the provitamin panthenol, and as calcium pantothenate. Pantothenic acid is an ingredient in some hair and skin care products. Only the dextrorotatory (D) isomer of pantothenic acid possesses biologic activity. The levorotatory (L) form may antagonize the effects of the dextrorotatory isomer. [Wikipedia]
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C9H17NO5
Phân tử khối
219.235
Monoisotopic mass
219.110672659
InChI
InChI=1S/C9H17NO5/c1-9(2,5-11)7(14)8(15)10-4-3-6(12)13/h7,11,14H,3-5H2,1-2H3,(H,10,15)(H,12,13)
InChI Key
InChIKey=GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name
pantothenic acid
SMILES
CC(C)(CO)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O
Độ tan chảy
195ºC (D-Calcium Pantothenate salt)
Độ hòa tan
Soluble
logP
-1.4
logS
-0.56
pKa (strongest acidic)
4.35
pKa (Strongest Basic)
-2.8
PSA
106.86 Å2
Refractivity
51.51 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
21.92 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
6
H Bond Acceptor Count
5
H Bond Donor Count
4
Physiological Charge
-1
Number of Rings
0
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Dược Lực Học : Pantothenic acid is used in the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA). Coenzyme A may act as an acyl group carrier to form acetyl-CoA and other related compounds; this is a way to transport carbon atoms within the cell. CoA is important in energy metabolism for pyruvate to enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) as acetyl-CoA, and for α-ketoglutarate to be transformed to succinyl-CoA in the cycle. CoA is also important in the biosynthesis of many important compounds such as fatty acids, cholesterol, and acetylcholine. CoA is incidentally also required in the formation of ACP, which is also required for fatty acid synthesis in addition to CoA. Pantothenic acid in the form of CoA is also required for acylation and acetylation, which, for example, are involved in signal transduction and enzyme activation and deactivation, respectively. Since pantothenic acid participates in a wide array of key biological roles, it is essential to all forms of life. As such, deficiencies in pantothenic acid may have numerous wide-ranging effects, as discussed below.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Pantothenic acid, also called pantothenate or vitamin B5 (a B vitamin), is a water-soluble vitamin discovered by Roger J. Williams in 1919. For many animals, pantothenic acid is an essential nutrient. Animals require pantothenic acid to synthesize coenzyme-A (CoA), as well as to synthesize and metabolize proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. Pantothenic acid is the amide between pantoic acid and β-alanine. Small quantities of pantothenic acid are found in nearly every food, with high amounts in whole-grain cereals, legumes, eggs, meat, royal jelly, avocado, and yogurt. It is commonly found as its alcohol analog, the provitamin panthenol, and as calcium pantothenate. Pantothenic acid is an ingredient in some hair and skin care products. Only the dextrorotatory (D) isomer of pantothenic acid possesses biologic activity. The levorotatory (L) form may antagonize the effects of the dextrorotatory isomer. [Wikipedia] Pantothenic acid is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
When found in foods, most pantothenic acid is in the form of CoA or acyl carrier protein (ACP). For the intestinal cells to absorb this vitamin, it must be converted into free pantothenic acid. Within the lumen of the intestine, CoA and ACP are hydrolyzed into 4'-phosphopantetheine. The 4'-phosphopantetheine is then dephosphorylated into pantetheine. Pantetheinase, an intestinal enzyme, then hydrolyzes pantetheine into free pantothenic acid. Free pantothenic acid is absorbed into intestinal cells via a saturable, sodium-dependent active transport system. At high levels of intake, when this mechanism is saturated, some pantothenic acid may also be absorbed via passive diffusion. As intake increases 10-fold, however, absorption rate decreases to 10%. [Wikipedia]
Độc Tính : No Tolerable Upper Level Intake (UL) has been established for the vitamin.
Chỉ Định : Studied for the treatment of many uses such as treatment of testicular torsion, diabetic ulceration, wound healing, acne, obesity, diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy. It has also been investigated for its hypolipidemic effects and as cholesterol lowering agent.
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01783
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C00864
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D07413
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantothenic_acid
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