Tìm theo
Mannitol
Các tên gọi khác (15 ) :
  • (2R,3R,4R,5R)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexaol
  • (2R,3R,4R,5R)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol
  • D-(-)-Mannitol
  • D-Mannitol
  • e 421
  • e-421
  • e421
  • Fraxinine
  • Manitol
  • Manna Sugar
  • Mannit
  • Mannite
  • Mannitol
  • Mannitolum
  • Osmitrol
Dung dịch điều chỉnh nước điện giải và cân bằng Acid-Base
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 69-65-8
ATC: A06AD16, B05BC01, B05CX04, V08AC04
ĐG : American Regent , http://www.americanregent.com
CTHH: C6H14O6
PTK: 182.1718
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is metabolically inert in humans and occurs naturally, as a sugar or sugar alcohol, in fruits and vegetables. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure may be reduced. Mannitol may also be used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established; the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances; as an Antiglaucoma agent; and as a renal function diagnostic aid.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C6H14O6
Phân tử khối
182.1718
Monoisotopic mass
182.07903818
InChI
InChI=1S/C6H14O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h3-12H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6-/m1/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N
IUPAC Name
(2R,3R,4R,5R)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol
Traditional IUPAC Name
mannitol
SMILES
OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
Độ tan chảy
168 °C
Độ sôi
290-295 °C at 3.50E+00 mm Hg
Độ hòa tan
2.16E+005 mg/L (at 25 °C)
logP
-3.10
logS
0.1
pKa (strongest acidic)
12.59
pKa (Strongest Basic)
-3
PSA
121.38 Å2
Refractivity
38.4 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
16.82 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
5
H Bond Acceptor Count
6
H Bond Donor Count
6
Physiological Charge
0
Number of Rings
0
Bioavailability
1
caco2 Permeability
-6.21
pKa
13.5 (at 25 °C)
Dược Lực Học : Chemically, mannitol is an alcohol and a sugar, or a polyol; it is similar to xylitol or sorbitol. However, mannitol has a tendency to lose a hydrogen ion in aqueous solutions, which causes the solution to become acidic. For this reason, it is not uncommon to add a substance to adjust its pH, such as sodium bicarbonate. Mannitol is commonly used to increase urine production (diuretic). It is also used to treat or prevent medical conditions that are caused by an increase in body fluids/water (e.g., cerebral edema, glaucoma, kidney failure). Mannitol is frequently given along with other diuretics (e.g., furosemide, chlorothiazide) and/or IV fluid replacement.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is metabolically inert in humans and occurs naturally, as a sugar or sugar alcohol, in fruits and vegetables. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure may be reduced. Mannitol may also be used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established; the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances; as an Antiglaucoma agent; and as a renal function diagnostic aid. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is metabolically inert in humans and occurs naturally, as a sugar or sugar alcohol, in fruits and vegetables. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure may be reduced. As a diurectic mannitol induces diuresis because it is not reabsorbed in the renal tubule, thereby increasing the osmolality of the glomerular filtrate, facilitating excretion of water, and inhibiting the renal tubular reabsorption of sodium, chloride, and other solutes. Mannitol promotes the urinary excretion of toxic materials and protects against nephrotoxicity by preventing the concentration of toxic substances in the tubular fluid. As an Antiglaucoma agent mannitol levates blood plasma osmolarity, resulting in enhanced flow of water from the eye into plasma and a consequent reduction in intraocular pressure. As a renal function diagnostic aid mannitol is freely filtered by the glomeruli with less than 10% tubular reabsorption. Therefore, its urinary excretion rate may serve as a measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Approximately 7% of ingested mannitol is absorbed during gastrointestinal perfusion in uremic patients.
▧ Protein binding :
None
▧ Metabolism :
Mannitol is metabolized only slightly, if at all, to glycogen in the liver.
▧ Route of Elimination :
It is rapidly excreted in the urine.
▧ Half Life :
100 minutes
Độc Tính : LD50=1700 mg/kg (rat oral)
Chỉ Định : Used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established, the reduction of intracranial pressure, the treatment of cerebral edema, and the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Treprostinil Additive hypotensive effect. Monitor antihypertensive therapy during concomitant use.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Liquid - Intravenous
Liquid - Irrigation
Solution - Intravenous
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : Astar
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Anol
  • Công ty : Pharmaxis
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Aridol
  • Công ty : Pharmaxis
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Bronchitol
  • Công ty : DeltaSelect
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Deltamannit
  • Công ty : Medifarma
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Demanitol
  • Công ty : Lusa
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Diurecide
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Isotol
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Manicol
  • Công ty : Pliva
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Manit
  • Công ty : Fresenius
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Manitol Mein
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Maniton
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Mannigen
  • Công ty : Human Co. Ltd.
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Mannisol
  • Công ty : Teva
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Mannisol A
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Mannit
  • Công ty : Serag-Wiessner
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Mannit-Lösung
  • Công ty : Actipharm
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Mannite Actipharm
  • Công ty : Baxter
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Osmitrol
  • Công ty : B. Braun
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Osmofundin
  • Công ty : Pharmaxis
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Osmohale
  • Công ty : Beximco
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Osmosol
  • Công ty : Fresenius
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Osmosteril
  • Công ty : B. Braun
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Resectisol
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00742
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C00392
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D00062
BindingDB
http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50142798
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0264-2303-50
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA450320
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannitol
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic4/osmitrol.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/mannitol.html
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