L-Isoleucine
Các tên gọi khác (8
) :
- (2S,3S)-2-Amino-3-methylpentanoic acid
- 2-Amino-3-methylvaleric acid
- alpha-amino-beta-methylvaleric acid
- I
- Ile
- Isoleucine
- L-Isoleucine
- α-amino-β-methylvaleric acid
Thực phẩm chức năng
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 73-32-5
ĐG :
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals
, http://www.spectrumpharm.com
CTHH: C6H13NO2
PTK: 131.1729
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
Phân tử khối
131.1729
Monoisotopic mass
131.094628665
InChI
InChI=1S/C6H13NO2/c1-3-4(2)5(7)6(8)9/h4-5H,3,7H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)/t4-,5-/m0/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N
IUPAC Name
(2S,3S)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name
L-isoleucine
SMILES
CC[C@H](C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O
Độ tan chảy
285.5 dec °C
Độ hòa tan
3.44E+004 mg/L (at 25 °C)
logP
-1.70
logS
-0.06
pKa (strongest acidic)
2.79
pKa (Strongest Basic)
9.59
PSA
63.32 Å2
Refractivity
34.09 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
14.11 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
3
H Bond Acceptor Count
3
H Bond Donor Count
2
Physiological Charge
0
Number of Rings
0
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
pKa
2.37 (at 0 °C)
Dược Lực Học :
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng :
This group of essential amino acids are identified as the branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs. Because this arrangement of carbon atoms cannot be made by humans, these amino acids are an essential element in the diet. The catabolism of all three compounds initiates in muscle and yields NADH and FADH2 which can be utilized for ATP generation. The catabolism of all three of these amino acids uses the same enzymes in the first two steps. The first step in each case is a transamination using a single BCAA aminotransferase, with a-ketoglutarate as amine acceptor. As a result, three different a-keto acids are produced and are oxidized using a common branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase, yielding the three different CoA derivatives. Subsequently the metabolic pathways diverge, producing many intermediates.
The principal product from valine is propionylCoA, the glucogenic precursor of succinyl-CoA. Isoleucine catabolism terminates with production of acetylCoA and propionylCoA; thus isoleucine is both glucogenic and ketogenic. Leucine gives rise to acetylCoA and acetoacetylCoA, and is thus classified as strictly ketogenic.
There are a number of genetic diseases associated with faulty catabolism of the BCAAs. The most common defect is in the branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase. Since there is only one dehydrogenase enzyme for all three amino acids, all three a-keto acids accumulate and are excreted in the urine. The disease is known as Maple syrup urine disease because of the characteristic odor of the urine in afflicted individuals. Mental retardation in these cases is extensive. Unfortunately, since these are essential amino acids, they cannot be heavily restricted in the diet; ultimately, the life of afflicted individuals is short and development is abnormal The main neurological problems are due to poor formation of myelin in the CNS.
This group of essential amino acids are identified as the branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs. Because this arrangement of carbon atoms cannot be made by humans, these amino acids are an essential element in the diet. The catabolism of all three compounds initiates in muscle and yields NADH and FADH2 which can be utilized for ATP generation. The catabolism of all three of these amino acids uses the same enzymes in the first two steps. The first step in each case is a transamination using a single BCAA aminotransferase, with a-ketoglutarate as amine acceptor. As a result, three different a-keto acids are produced and are oxidized using a common branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase, yielding the three different CoA derivatives. Subsequently the metabolic pathways diverge, producing many intermediates.
The principal product from valine is propionylCoA, the glucogenic precursor of succinyl-CoA. Isoleucine catabolism terminates with production of acetylCoA and propionylCoA; thus isoleucine is both glucogenic and ketogenic. Leucine gives rise to acetylCoA and acetoacetylCoA, and is thus classified as strictly ketogenic.
There are a number of genetic diseases associated with faulty catabolism of the BCAAs. The most common defect is in the branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase. Since there is only one dehydrogenase enzyme for all three amino acids, all three a-keto acids accumulate and are excreted in the urine. The disease is known as Maple syrup urine disease because of the characteristic odor of the urine in afflicted individuals. Mental retardation in these cases is extensive. Unfortunately, since these are essential amino acids, they cannot be heavily restricted in the diet; ultimately, the life of afflicted individuals is short and development is abnormal The main neurological problems are due to poor formation of myelin in the CNS.
Dược Động Học :
Absorbed from the small intestine by a sodium-dependent active-transport process
▧ Metabolism :
Hepatic
Độc Tính :
Chỉ Định :
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng :
Capsule - Oral
Powder - Oral
Tablet - Oral
Powder - Oral
Tablet - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
-
Biệt dược thương mại : L-isoleucine powderGiá bán buôn : USD >3.21Đơn vị tính : g
Đóng gói
-
Công ty : Spectrum PharmaceuticalsWebsite : http://www.spectrumpharm.com
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
PubChem Compound
PubChem Substance
KEGG Compound
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