Tìm theo
L-Arginine
Các tên gọi khác (11 ) :
  • (2S)-2-amino-5-(Carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid
  • (2S)-2-amino-5-Guanidinopentanoic acid
  • (S)-2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid
  • (S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid
  • Arg
  • Arginine
  • L-(+)-Arginine
  • L-Arg
  • L-Arginin
  • L-Arginine
  • R
Thuốc đường tiêu hóa
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 74-79-3
ATC: B05XB01
ĐG : 21st Century Healthcare Inc. , http://www.21stcenturyvitamins.com
CTHH: C6H14N4O2
PTK: 174.201
An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. [PubChem]
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C6H14N4O2
Phân tử khối
174.201
Monoisotopic mass
174.111675712
InChI
InChI=1S/C6H14N4O2/c7-4(5(11)12)2-1-3-10-6(8)9/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,11,12)(H4,8,9,10)/t4-/m0/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N
IUPAC Name
(2S)-2-amino-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name
L-arginine
SMILES
N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O
Độ tan chảy
244 dec °C
Độ hòa tan
1.82E+005 mg/L (at 25 °C)
logP
-4.20
logS
-1.9
pKa (strongest acidic)
2.41
pKa (Strongest Basic)
12.41
PSA
125.22 Å2
Refractivity
53.92 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
17.8 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
5
H Bond Acceptor Count
6
H Bond Donor Count
5
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
0
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
pKa
2.24 (at 0 °C)
Dược Lực Học : Studies have shown that is has improved immune responses to bacteria, viruses and tumor cells; promotes wound healing and regeneration of the liver; causes the release of growth hormones; considered crucial for optimal muscle growth and tissue repair.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. [PubChem] Many of supplemental L-arginine's activities, including its possible anti-atherogenic actions, may be accounted for by its role as the precursor to nitric oxide or NO. NO is produced by all tissues of the body and plays very important roles in the cardiovascular system, immune system and nervous system. NO is formed from L-arginine via the enzyme nitric oxide synthase or synthetase (NOS), and the effects of NO are mainly mediated by 3,'5' -cyclic guanylate or cyclic GMP. NO activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase, which catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic GMP from guanosine triphosphate or GTP. Cyclic GMP is converted to guanylic acid via the enzyme cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase. NOS is a heme-containing enzyme with some sequences similar to cytochrome P-450 reductase. Several isoforms of NOS exist, two of which are constitutive and one of which is inducible by immunological stimuli. The constitutive NOS found in the vascular endothelium is designated eNOS and that present in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system is designated nNOS. The form of NOS induced by immunological or inflammatory stimuli is known as iNOS. iNOS may be expressed constitutively in select tissues such as lung epithelium. All the nitric oxide synthases use NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) and oxygen (O2) as cosubstrates, as well as the cofactors FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide), FMN (flavin mononucleotide), tetrahydrobiopterin and heme. Interestingly, ascorbic acid appears to enhance NOS activity by increasing intracellular tetrahydrobiopterin. eNOS and nNOS synthesize NO in response to an increased concentration of calcium ions or in some cases in response to calcium-independent stimuli, such as shear stress. In vitro studies of NOS indicate that the Km of the enzyme for L-arginine is in the micromolar range. The concentration of L-arginine in endothelial cells, as well as in other cells, and in plasma is in the millimolar range. What this means is that, under physiological conditions, NOS is saturated with its L-arginine substrate. In other words, L-arginine would not be expected to be rate-limiting for the enzyme, and it would not appear that supraphysiological levels of L-arginine which could occur with oral supplementation of the amino acid^would make any difference with regard to NO production. The reaction would appear to have reached its maximum level. However, in vivo studies have demonstrated that, under certain conditions, e.g. hypercholesterolemia, supplemental L-arginine could enhance endothelial-dependent vasodilation and NO production.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine into the enterocytes. Absorption is efficient and occurs by an active transport mechanism.
▧ Metabolism :
Some metabolism of L-arginine takes place in the enterocytes. L-arginine not metabolized in the enterocytes enters the portal circulation from whence it is transported to the liver, where again some portion of the amino acid is metabolized.
Độc Tính : Oral supplementation with L-arginine at doses up to 15 grams daily are generally well tolerated. The most common adverse reactions of higher doses from 15 to 30 grams daily are nausea, abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Some may experience these symptoms at lower doses.
Chỉ Định : Used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Liquid - Intravenous
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
  • Biệt dược thương mại : R-gene 10 vial
    Giá bán buôn : USD >0.04
    Đơn vị tính : ml
  • Biệt dược thương mại : L-arginine 1000 mg tablet
    Giá bán buôn : USD >0.07
    Đơn vị tính : tablet
  • Biệt dược thương mại : Arginine 500 mg tablet
    Giá bán buôn : USD >0.09
    Đơn vị tính : tablet
  • Biệt dược thương mại : Arginine-500 mg tablet
    Giá bán buôn : USD >0.12
    Đơn vị tính : tablet
  • Biệt dược thương mại : L-arginine mhc powder
    Giá bán buôn : USD >0.39
    Đơn vị tính : g
  • Biệt dược thương mại : Arginine 100% crystals
    Giá bán buôn : USD >0.51
    Đơn vị tính : g
Nhà Sản Xuất
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00125
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C00062
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D02982
BindingDB
http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=21959
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0009-0436-24
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA448478
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-Arginine
PDRhealth
http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/lar_0024.shtml
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/npc/l-arginine.html
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