Tìm theo
Granisetron
Các tên gọi khác (5 ) :
  • BRL-43694
  • Granisetron
  • Granisetronum
  • Sancuso
  • SID90340785
Thuốc chống nôn
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 109889-09-0
ATC: A04AA02
ĐG : Akorn Inc. , http://www.akorn.com
CTHH: C18H24N4O
PTK: 312.4094
A serotonin receptor (5HT-3 selective) antagonist that has been used as an antiemetic and antinauseant for cancer chemotherapy patients. [PubChem]
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C18H24N4O
Phân tử khối
312.4094
Monoisotopic mass
312.19501141
InChI
InChI=1S/C18H24N4O/c1-21-13-6-5-7-14(21)11-12(10-13)19-18(23)17-15-8-3-4-9-16(15)22(2)20-17/h3-4,8-9,12-14H,5-7,10-11H2,1-2H3,(H,19,23)
InChI Key
InChIKey=MFWNKCLOYSRHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
1-methyl-N-{9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-yl}-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide
Traditional IUPAC Name
1-methyl-N-{9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-yl}indazole-3-carboxamide
SMILES
CN1N=C(C(=O)NC2CC3CCCC(C2)N3C)C2=CC=CC=C12
Độ tan chảy
219 °C (HCl salt)
Độ hòa tan
4.34e-01 g/l
logP
2.6
logS
-2.9
pKa (strongest acidic)
14.75
pKa (Strongest Basic)
9
PSA
50.16 Å2
Refractivity
101.83 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
35.39 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
2
H Bond Acceptor Count
3
H Bond Donor Count
1
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
4
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Ghose Filter
true
Dược Lực Học : Granisetron is a selective inhibitor of type 3 serotonergic (5-HT3) receptors. Granisetron has little or no affinity for other serotonin receptors, including 5-HT 1 , 5-HT 1A , 5-HT 1B/C , or 5-HT 2 ; for alpha 1 -, alpha 2 -, or beta-adrenoreceptors; for dopamine D 2 receptors; for histamine H 1 receptors; for benzodiazepine receptors; for picrotoxin receptors; or for opioid receptors. In most human studies, granisetron has had little effect on blood pressure, heart rate, or electrocardiogram (ECG). The drug is structurally and pharmacologically related to ondansetron, another selective inhibitor of 5-HT3 receptors. The serontonin 5-HT3 receptors are located on the nerve terminals of the vagus in the periphery, and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema. The temporal relationship between the emetogenic action of emetogenic drugs and the release of serotonin, as well as the efficacy of antiemetic agents suggest that chemotherapeutic agents release serotonin from the enterochromaffin cells of the small intestine by causing degenerative changes in the GI tract. The serotonin then stimulates the vagal and splanchnic nerve receptors that project to the medullary vomiting center, as well as the 5-HT3 receptors in the area postrema, thus initiating the vomiting reflex, causing nausea and vomiting.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : A serotonin receptor (5HT-3 selective) antagonist that has been used as an antiemetic and antinauseant for cancer chemotherapy patients. [PubChem] Granisetron is a potent, selective antagonist of 5-HT3 receptors. The antiemetic activity of the drug is brought about through the inhibition of 5-HT3 receptors present both centrally (medullary chemoreceptor zone) and peripherally (GI tract). This inhibition of 5-HT3 receptors in turn inhibits the visceral afferent stimulation of the vomiting center, likely indirectly at the level of the area postrema, as well as through direct inhibition of serotonin activity within the area postrema and the chemoreceptor trigger zone.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Absorption of is rapid and complete, though oral bioavailability is reduced to about 60% as a result of first pass metabolism.
▧ Protein binding :
65%
▧ Metabolism :
Primarily hepatic; undergoes N -demethylation and aromatic ring oxidation followed by conjugation. Animal studies suggest that some of the metabolites may have 5-HT 3 receptor antagonist activity.
▧ Route of Elimination :
The remainder of the dose is excreted as metabolites, 48% in the urine and 38% in the feces.
▧ Half Life :
4-6 hours in healthy patients, 9-12 hours in cancer patients
▧ Clearance :
* 0.52 L/h/kg [Cancer Patients with 1 mg bid for 7 days] * 0.41 L/h/kg [Healthy subject with a single 1 mg dose]
Độc Tính : LD50>2000 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Chỉ Định : For the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of emetogenic cancer therapy (including high dose cisplatin), postoperation, and radiation (including total body irradiation and daily fractionated abdominal radiation).
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Liquid - Intravenous
Tablet - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Granisol
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Kytril
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Sancuso
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00889
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=3510
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46505137
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C07023
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D04370
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.3390.html
BindingDB
http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50000483
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0378-1003-94
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA449809
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granisetron
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/granisetron.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/granisetron.html
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