Tìm theo
Dornase alfa
Các tên gọi khác (5 ) :
  • Deoxyribonuclease I
  • Deoxyribonuclease-1 precursor
  • DNase
  • DNase I
  • rhDNase
enzymes
Thuốc Gốc
Biotech
CAS: 9003-98-9
ATC: R05CB13
ĐG : Cardinal Health , http://www.cardinal.com
CTHH: C1321H1999N339O396S9
PTK: 29253.9000
Dornase alfa is a biosynthetic form of human deoxyribunuclease I (DNase I) enzyme. It is produced in genetically modified Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using recombinant DNA technology. The 260-amino acid sequence of dornase alfa is identical to the endogenous human enzyme. Dornase alfa cleaves extracellular DNA to 5´-phosphodinucleotide and 5´-phosphooligonucleotide end products without affecting intracellular DNA. In individuals with cystic fibrosis, extracellular DNA, which is an extremely viscous anion, is released by degenerating leukocytes that accumulate during inflammatory responses to infections. Enzymatic breakdown of this extracellular DNA appears to reduce sputum viscosity and viscoelasticity.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C1321H1999N339O396S9
Phân tử khối
29253.9000
Độ tan chảy
67 °C
Độ kỵ nước
-0.083
Điểm đẳng điện tích
4.58
Dược Lực Học : Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a disease characterized by the retention of viscous purulent secretions in the airways. These thick secretions contribute both to reduced pulmonary function and to frequent pulmonary infection. Purulent pulmonary secretions of individuals with cystic fibrosis contain very high concentrations of extracellular DNA released by degenerating leukocytes that accumulate in response to these infections. Dornase alfa hydrolyzes the DNA in sputum of CF patients and reduces sputum viscosity and viscoelasticity. The enzyme does not appear to affect sputum in the absence of an inflammatory response to infection, nor does it affect the sputum of healthy individuals.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Dornase alfa is a biosynthetic form of human deoxyribunuclease I (DNase I) enzyme. It is produced in genetically modified Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using recombinant DNA technology. The 260-amino acid sequence of dornase alfa is identical to the endogenous human enzyme. Dornase alfa cleaves extracellular DNA to 5´-phosphodinucleotide and 5´-phosphooligonucleotide end products without affecting intracellular DNA. In individuals with cystic fibrosis, extracellular DNA, which is an extremely viscous anion, is released by degenerating leukocytes that accumulate during inflammatory responses to infections. Enzymatic breakdown of this extracellular DNA appears to reduce sputum viscosity and viscoelasticity. Dornase alfa is a biosynthetic form of human DNase I. The enzyme is involved in endonucleolytic cleavage of extracellular DNA to 5´-phosphodinucleotide and 5´-phosphooligonucleotide end products. It has no effect on intracellular DNA. Optimal activity is dependent on the presence of divalent cations such as calcium and magnesium. Extracellular DNA is a viscous anionic polymer and its breakdown appears to improve the viscosity and viscoelasticity of purulent sputum of individuals with CF, thus reducing airflow obstruction. Dornase alfa does not seem to have any effect on non-purulent sputum.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Studies in rats and monkeys after inhalation of dornase alfa shows very little systemic absorption (less than 15% for rats and less than 2% for monkeys). The results were also witnessed in patients. Dornase alfa is also associated with very low accumulation with no serum concentration greater than 10ng/mL observed no matter the dose administered. Bioavailability: mean sputum concentrations of dornase alfa can be measured after 15 minutes. Onset is achieved within 3 to 7 days. Peak concentrations are achieved after 9 days.
▧ Volume of Distribution :
In studies in rats and monkeys, the initial volume of distribution is similar to the serum volume. Concentrations in sputum decline rapidly after inhalation.
▧ Metabolism :
While no conclusive studies have yet been published, dornase alfa is expected to be metabolized by proteases in biofluids.
▧ Clearance :
Studies in rats indicate that, following aerosol administration, the disappearance half-life of dornase alfa from the lungs is 11 hours. In humans, sputum DNase levels declined below half of those detected immediately post-administration within 2 hours but effects on sputum rheology persisted beyond 12 hours.
Độc Tính : Adverse reactions occur at a frequency of < 1/1000 and are usually mild and transient in nature. Reported adverse effects include chest pain (pleuritic/non-cardiac), fever, dyspepsia, voice alteration (hoarseness), pharyngitis, dyspnea, laryngitis, rhinitis, decreased lung function, rash, urticaria, and conjunctivitis. There is no evidence of carcinogenic or mutagenic properties. The safety of dornase alfa has not been studied in pregnant women, nursing women and children under the age of 5 years old.
Chỉ Định : Used as adjunct therapy in the treatment of cystic fibrosis.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Solution - Respiratory (inhalation) - 1 mg/ml
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : Genentech Inc
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Pulmozyme
  • Công ty : Roche (Chile)
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Viscozyme
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00003
GenBank
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/M55983
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA10318
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dornase_alfa
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/pulmozyme.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/dornase-alfa.html
... loading
... loading