Tìm theo
Cytisine
Các tên gọi khác (4 ) :
  • (1R,5S)-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexahydro-1,5-methano-8H-pyrido[1,2a][1,5]diazocin-8-one
  • Baptitoxine
  • Sophorine
  • Ulexin
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 485-35-8
CTHH: C11H14N2O
PTK: 190.2417
Cytisine is an alkaloid that is found naturally in several plant genera such as Laburnum and Cytisus of the family Fabaceae. Recent studies have shown it to be a more effective and significantly more affordable smoking cessation treatment than nicotine replacement therapy. Also known as baptitoxine or sophorine, cytisine has been used as a smoking cessation treatment since 1964, and is relatively unknown in regions outside of central and Eastern Europe. Cytisine is a partial nicotinic acetylcholine agonist with a half-life of 4.8 hours. Recent Phase III clinical trials using Tabex (a brand of Cytisine marketed by Sopharma AD) have shown similar efficacy to varenicline, but at a fraction of the cost.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C11H14N2O
Phân tử khối
190.2417
Monoisotopic mass
190.11061308
InChI
InChI=1S/C11H14N2O/c14-11-3-1-2-10-9-4-8(5-12-6-9)7-13(10)11/h1-3,8-9,12H,4-7H2/t8-,9+/m0/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=ANJTVLIZGCUXLD-DTWKUNHWSA-N
IUPAC Name
(1R,9S)-7,11-diazatricyclo[7.3.1.0²,⁷]trideca-2,4-dien-6-one
Traditional IUPAC Name
cytisine
SMILES
O=C1C=CC=C2[C@H]3CNC[C@H](C3)CN12
Độ tan chảy
152-153
Độ sôi
218
Độ hòa tan
8.14e+00 g/l
logP
-0.28
logS
-1.4
pKa (Strongest Basic)
9.82
PSA
32.34 Å2
Refractivity
56.93 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
20.2 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
0
H Bond Acceptor Count
2
H Bond Donor Count
1
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
3
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Ghose Filter
true
Dược Lực Học : Various models have been run where the affinity of nAChR agonists to the receptor subtype are tested to help identify the molecules, groups and steric conformation that are vital to greater affinity. By using a nAChR muscle receptor subtype (α1)2β1δγ model the following results were obtained: anatoxin > epibatidine > acetylcholine > DMPP >> CYTISINE > pyrantel > nicotine > coniine > tubocurare > lobeline, where anatoxin had the highest activity efficacy and tubocurare the lowest. Acetylcholine on the other hand induced a much longer opening time of the receptor though anatoxin is more potent. The results suggest that anatoxin derivatives would be helpful in understanding structure-activity relationships (SAR) for muscle nAChRs (Cooper et al., 1996).
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Cytisine is an alkaloid that is found naturally in several plant genera such as Laburnum and Cytisus of the family Fabaceae. Recent studies have shown it to be a more effective and significantly more affordable smoking cessation treatment than nicotine replacement therapy. Also known as baptitoxine or sophorine, cytisine has been used as a smoking cessation treatment since 1964, and is relatively unknown in regions outside of central and Eastern Europe. Cytisine is a partial nicotinic acetylcholine agonist with a half-life of 4.8 hours. Recent Phase III clinical trials using Tabex (a brand of Cytisine marketed by Sopharma AD) have shown similar efficacy to varenicline, but at a fraction of the cost. Cytisine is a low efficacy partial agonist of ⍺4-β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These which are believed to be central to the effect of nicotine (NIC) on the reward pathway and facilitate addiction. Cytisine reduces the effects of NIC on dopamine release in the mesolimbic system when given alone, while simultaneously attenuating NIC withdrawal symptoms that accompany cessation attempts.
Dược Động Học :

▧ Volume of Distribution :
Oral: 6.2 l/kg Oral (5 mg/kg; tested in rabbits).
▧ Half Life :
4.8 hours.
▧ Clearance :
Renal: 43 mL/min.
Độc Tính : The therapeutic index of cytisine is wide. -Large doses can interfere with breathing and cause death. From MSDS: orl-mus LD50:101 mg/kg ipr-mus LD50:8550 ug/kg ivn-mus LD50:1730 ug/kg scu-rat LD50:8750 ug/kg
Chỉ Định : Indicated for use in smoking cessation.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Tablet, film coated - Oral - 1.5 mg
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : Sopharma AD
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Tabex
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB09028
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C10763
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D07770
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytisine
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/international/cytisine.html
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