Tìm theo
Choline
Các tên gọi khác (6 ) :
  • Bilineurine
  • Choline
  • Choline ion
  • N-trimethylethanolamine
  • N,N,N-trimethylethanol-ammonium
  • trimethylethanolamine
lipotropic agents, nootropic agents, dietary supplements, micronutrients, supplements
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 62-49-7
ATC: N02BA03, N07AX02, R03DA02, V03AB29, S01EB09
ĐG : Abbott Laboratories Ltd. , http://www.abbott.com
CTHH: C5H14NO
PTK: 104.1708
A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism. [PubChem]
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C5H14NO
Phân tử khối
104.1708
Monoisotopic mass
104.107539075
InChI
InChI=1S/C5H14NO/c1-6(2,3)4-5-7/h7H,4-5H2,1-3H3/q+1
InChI Key
InChIKey=OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
(2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylazanium
Traditional IUPAC Name
choline
SMILES
C[N+](C)(C)CCO
Độ tan chảy
244-247 °C (as chloride salt)
Độ sôi
113 °C
Độ hòa tan
Soluble
logP
-4.7
logS
-1.6
pKa (strongest acidic)
13.97
pKa (Strongest Basic)
-3.2
PSA
20.23 Å2
Refractivity
42.19 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
12.57 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
2
H Bond Acceptor Count
1
H Bond Donor Count
1
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
0
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Dược Lực Học : This compound is needed for good nerve conduction throughout the CNS (central nervous system) as it is a precursor to acetylcholine (ACh). Choline is also needed for gallbladder regulation, liver function and lecithin (a key lipid) formation. Choline also aids in fat and cholesterol metabolism and prevents excessive fat build up in the liver. Choline has been used to mitigate the effects of Parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia. Choline deficiencies may result in excessive build-up of fat in the liver, high blood pressure, gastric ulcers, kidney and liver dysfunction and stunted growth.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : A basic constituent of lecithin that is found in many plants and animal organs. It is important as a precursor of acetylcholine, as a methyl donor in various metabolic processes, and in lipid metabolism. [PubChem] Choline is a major part of the polar head group of phosphatidylcholine. Phosphatidylcholine's role in the maintenance of cell membrane integrity is vital to all of the basic biological processes: information flow, intracellular communication and bioenergetics. Inadequate choline intake would negatively affect all these processes. Choline is also a major part of another membrane phospholipid, sphingomyelin, also important for the maintenance of cell structure and function. It is noteworthy and not surprising that choline deficiency in cell culture causes apoptosis or programmed cell death. This appears to be due to abnormalities in cell membrane phosphatidylcholine content and an increase in ceramide, a precursor, as well as a metabolite, of sphingomyelin. Ceramide accumulation, which is caused by choline deficiency, appears to activate Caspase, a type of enzyme that mediates apoptosis. Betaine or trimethylglycine is derived from choline via an oxidation reaction. Betaine is one of the factors that maintains low levels of homocysteine by resynthesizing L-methionine from homocysteine. Elevated homocysteine levels are a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis, as well as other cardiovascular and neurological disorders. Acetylcholine is one of the major neurotransmitters and requires choline for its synthesis. Adequate acetylcholine levels in the brain are believed to be protective against certain types of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease.
Độc Tính : Oral rat LD50: 3400 mg/kg
Chỉ Định : For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Tablet - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00122
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C00114
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA448976
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choline
PDRhealth
http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/cho_0283.shtml
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