Tìm theo
Amphotericin B
Các tên gọi khác (7 ) :
  • Amfotericina B
  • AMPH-b
  • Amphotericin B
  • Amphotéricine B
  • Amphotericinum B
  • C-AmB
  • Liposomal amphotericin b
Thuốc trị ký sinh trùng, chống nhiễm khuẩn
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 1397-89-3
ATC: A01AB04, A07AA07, G01AA03, J02AA01
ĐG : Astellas Pharma Inc. , http://www.astellas.com
CTHH: C47H73NO17
PTK: 924.079
Amphotericin B shows a high order of in vitro activity against many species of fungi. Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, Candida species, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Rhodotorula, Cryptococcus neoformans, Sporothrix schenckii, Mucor mucedo, and Aspergillus fumigatus are all inhibited by concentrations of amphotericin B ranging from 0.03 to 1.0 mcg/mL in vitro. While Candida albicans is generally quite susceptible to amphotericin B, non-albicans species may be less susceptible. Pseudallescheria boydii and Fusarium sp. are often resistant to amphotericin B. The antibiotic is without effect on bacteria, rickettsiae, and viruses.
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C47H73NO17
Phân tử khối
924.079
Monoisotopic mass
923.487849915
InChI
InChI=1S/C47H73NO17/c1-27-17-15-13-11-9-7-5-6-8-10-12-14-16-18-34(64-46-44(58)41(48)43(57)30(4)63-46)24-38-40(45(59)60)37(54)26-47(61,65-38)25-33(51)22-36(53)35(52)20-19-31(49)21-32(50)23-39(55)62-29(3)28(2)42(27)56/h5-18,27-38,40-44,46,49-54,56-58,61H,19-26,48H2,1-4H3,(H,59,60)/b6-5+,9-7+,10-8+,13-11+,14-12+,17-15+,18-16+/t27-,28-,29-,30+,31+,32+,33-,34-,35+,36+,37-,38-,40+,41-,42+,43+,44-,46-,47+/m0/s1
InChI Key
InChIKey=APKFDSVGJQXUKY-INPOYWNPSA-N
IUPAC Name
(1R,3S,5R,6R,9R,11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,33R,35S,36R,37S)-33-{[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy}-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name
amphotericin B
SMILES
[H][C@]12C[C@@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)[C@@H]3O)\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]1C(O)=O)O2
Độ tan chảy
170.0 °C
Độ hòa tan
750 mg/L (at 28 °C)
logP
0.8
logS
-4
pKa (strongest acidic)
3.58
pKa (Strongest Basic)
9.11
PSA
319.61 Å2
Refractivity
244.67 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
99.45 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
3
H Bond Acceptor Count
17
H Bond Donor Count
12
Physiological Charge
0
Number of Rings
3
Bioavailability
0
Dược Lực Học : Amphotericin B shows a high order of in vitro activity against many species of fungi. Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, Candida species, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Rhodotorula, Cryptococcus neoformans, Sporothrix schenckii, Mucor mucedo, and Aspergillus fumigatus are all inhibited by concentrations of amphotericin B ranging from 0.03 to 1.0 mcg/mL in vitro. While Candida albicans is generally quite susceptible to amphotericin B, non-albicans species may be less susceptible. Pseudallescheria boydii and Fusarium sp. are often resistant to amphotericin B. The antibiotic is without effect on bacteria, rickettsiae, and viruses.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : Amphotericin B shows a high order of in vitro activity against many species of fungi. Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, Candida species, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Rhodotorula, Cryptococcus neoformans, Sporothrix schenckii, Mucor mucedo, and Aspergillus fumigatus are all inhibited by concentrations of amphotericin B ranging from 0.03 to 1.0 mcg/mL in vitro. While Candida albicans is generally quite susceptible to amphotericin B, non-albicans species may be less susceptible. Pseudallescheria boydii and Fusarium sp. are often resistant to amphotericin B. The antibiotic is without effect on bacteria, rickettsiae, and viruses. Amphotericin B is fungistatic or fungicidal depending on the concentration obtained in body fluids and the susceptibility of the fungus. The drug acts by binding to sterols (ergosterol) in the cell membrane of susceptible fungi. This creates a transmembrane channel, and the resultant change in membrane permeability allowing leakage of intracellular components. Ergosterol, the principal sterol in the fungal cytoplasmic membrane, is the target site of action of amphotericin B and the azoles. Amphotericin B, a polyene, binds irreversibly to ergosterol, resulting in disruption of membrane integrity and ultimately cell death.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Bioavailability is 100% for intravenous infusion.
▧ Protein binding :
Highly bound (>90%) to plasma proteins.
▧ Metabolism :
Exclusively renal
▧ Half Life :
An elimination half-life of approximately 15 days follows an initial plasma half-life of about 24 hours.
▧ Clearance :
* 39 +/- 22 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 1 mg/kg/day at Day 1] * 17 +/- 6 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 1 mg/kg/day 3-20 days later] * 51 +/- 44 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 2.5 mg/kg/day at Day 1] * 22 +/- 15 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 2.5 mg/kg/day 3-20 days later] * 21 +/- 14 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 5 mg/kg/day at Day 1] * 11 +/- 6 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 5 mg/kg/day 3-20 days later]
Độc Tính : Oral, rat: LD50 = >5 gm/kg. Amphotericin B overdoses can result in cardio-respiratory arrest.
Chỉ Định : Used to treat potentially life threatening fungal infections.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Colistimethate Amphotericin B may enhance the nephrotoxic effect of Colistimethate. Due to the potential for additive or synergistic nephrotoxicity between colistimethate and other nephrotoxic drugs, such as amphotericin B, this combination should be avoided whenever possible. If these agents must be used together, patients' renal function should be monitored closely.
  • Cyclosporine Monitor for nephrotoxicity
  • Tacrolimus Additive renal impairment may occur during concomitant therapy with Amphotericin B. Use caution during concomitant therapy.
  • Tobramycin Increased risk of nephrotoxicity
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Powder, for solution - Intravenous
Powder, for suspension - Intravenous
Suspension - Intravenous
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty : Cephalon
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Abelcet
  • Công ty : Cephalon
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Abelect
  • Công ty : Gilead
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Ambisome
  • Công ty : Dermapharm
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Ampho-Moronal
  • Công ty : Alza
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Amphocil
  • Công ty : Pfizer
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Amphocin
  • Công ty : Biomeks
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Amphotec
  • Sản phẩm biệt dược : Amphotericin
  • Công ty : Sigma
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Fungilin
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Fungisome
  • Sản phẩm biệt dược : Fungizone
  • Sản phẩm biệt dược : Fungizone Intravenous
  • Công ty : Fuji Yakuhin
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Halizon
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00681
PubChem Compound
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=5280965
PubChem Substance
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=46505473
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C06573
KEGG Drug
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?drug:D00203
ChemSpider
http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.14245.html
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0469-3051-30
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA448415
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphotericin_B
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic2/amphoter.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/amphotericin-b.html
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