Tìm theo
Amantadine
Các tên gọi khác (13 ) :
  • 1-adamantanamine
  • 1-adamantylamine
  • 1-aminoadamantane
  • Amantadina
  • Amantadine
  • Amantadinum
  • Amantidine
  • Aminoadamantane
  • Tricyclo[3.3.1.1(3,7)]decan-1-amine
  • Tricyclo[3.3.1.1(3,7)]decan-1-ylamine
  • Tricyclo[3.3.1.1(3,7)]decane-1-amine
  • Viregyt
  • Virosol
Thuốc chống virus
Thuốc Gốc
Small Molecule
CAS: 768-94-5
ATC: N04BB01
ĐG : Anip Acquisition Co.
CTHH: C10H17N
PTK: 151.2487
An antiviral that is used in the prophylactic or symptomatic treatment of influenza A. It is also used as an antiparkinsonian agent, to treat extrapyramidal reactions, and for postherpetic neuralgia. The mechanisms of its effects in movement disorders are not well understood but probably reflect an increase in synthesis and release of dopamine, with perhaps some inhibition of dopamine uptake. [PubChem]
Nhận Dạng Quốc Tế & Đặc Tính Hóa Học
Công thức hóa học
C10H17N
Phân tử khối
151.2487
Monoisotopic mass
151.136099549
InChI
InChI=1S/C10H17N/c11-10-4-7-1-8(5-10)3-9(2-7)6-10/h7-9H,1-6,11H2
InChI Key
InChIKey=DKNWSYNQZKUICI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
IUPAC Name
adamantan-1-amine
Traditional IUPAC Name
amantadine
SMILES
NC12CC3CC(CC(C3)C1)C2
Độ tan chảy
180-192
Độ hòa tan
6290 mg/L (freely soluble)
logP
2.44
logS
-3.2
pKa (Strongest Basic)
10.71
PSA
26.02 Å2
Refractivity
45.54 m3·mol-1
Polarizability
17.92 Å3
Rotatable Bond Count
0
H Bond Acceptor Count
1
H Bond Donor Count
1
Physiological Charge
1
Number of Rings
3
Bioavailability
1
Rule of Five
true
Dược Lực Học : Amantadine is an antiviral drug which also acts as an antiparkinson agent, for which it is usually combined with L-DOPA when L-DOPA responses decline (probably due to tolerance). It is a derivate of adamantane, like a similar drug rimantadine. The mechanism of action of amantadine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions is not known. It has been shown to cause an increase in dopamine release in the animal brain, and does not possess anticholinergic activity.
Cơ Chế Tác Dụng : An antiviral that is used in the prophylactic or symptomatic treatment of influenza A. It is also used as an antiparkinsonian agent, to treat extrapyramidal reactions, and for postherpetic neuralgia. The mechanisms of its effects in movement disorders are not well understood but probably reflect an increase in synthesis and release of dopamine, with perhaps some inhibition of dopamine uptake. [PubChem] The mechanism of its antiparkinsonic effect is not fully understood, but it appears to be releasing dopamine from the nerve endings of the brain cells, together with stimulation of norepinephrine response. It also has NMDA receptor antagonistic effects. The antiviral mechanism seems to be unrelated. The drug interferes with a viral protein, M2 (an ion channel), which is needed for the viral particle to become "uncoated" once it is taken inside the cell by endocytosis.
Dược Động Học :
▧ Absorption :
Amantadine is well absorbed orally from the gastrointestinal tract.
▧ Volume of Distribution :
* 3 to 8 L/kg [healthy subjects]
▧ Protein binding :
Approximately 67% bound to plasma proteins over a concentration range of 0.1 to 2.0 µg/mL.
▧ Metabolism :
No appreciable metabolism, although negligible amounts of an acetyl metabolite have been identified.
▧ Route of Elimination :
It is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
▧ Half Life :
Mean half-lives ranged from 10 to 14 hours, however renal function impairment causes a severe increase in half life to 7 to 10 days.
▧ Clearance :
* 0.2 - 0.3 L/hr/kg * 0.10 +/- 0.04 L/hr/kg [healthy, elderly male]
Độc Tính : Deaths have been reported from overdose with amantadine. The lowest reported acute lethal dose was 2 grams. Drug overdose has resulted in cardiac, respiratory, renal or central nervous system toxicity. Cardiac dysfunction includes arrhythmia, tachycardia and hypertension. Pulmonary edema and respiratory distress (including ARDS) have been reported. Renal dysfunction including increased BUN, decreased creatinine clearance and renal insufficiency can occur. Central nervous system effects that have been reported include insomnia, anxiety, aggressive behavior, hypertonia, hyperkinesia, tremor, confusion, disorientation, depersonalization, fear, delirium, hallucination, psychotic reactions, lethargy, somnolence and coma. Seizures may be exacerbated in patients with prior history of seizure disorders. Hyperthermia has also been observed in cases where a drug overdose has occurred.
Chỉ Định : For the chemoprophylaxis, prophylaxis, and treatment of signs and symptoms of infection caused by various strains of influenza A virus. Also for the treatment of parkinsonism and drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions.
Tương Tác Thuốc :
  • Donepezil Possible antagonism of action
  • Galantamine Possible antagonism of action
  • Memantine Increased risk of CNS adverse effects with this association
  • Paliperidone The atypical antipsychotic agent, paliperidone, may decrease the therapeutic effect of the anti-Parkinson's agent, amantadine. This interaction may be due to the dopamine antagonist properties of paliperidone. Consider an alternate antipsychotic in those with Parkinson's disease or consider using clozapine or quetiapine if an atypical antipsychotic is necessary.
  • Rivastigmine Possible antagonism of action
  • Thiothixene Thiothixene may antaonize the effects of the anti-Parkinsonian agent, Amantadine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for decreased effects of both agents.
  • Ziprasidone The atypical antipsychotic, ziprasidone, may antagonize the effect of the dopamine agonist, amantadine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for worsening of movement disorder.
  • Zuclopenthixol Antagonism may occur between zuclopenthixol, a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, and amantadine, a dopamine agonist. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of both agents if concurrent therapy is initiated, discontinued or dose(s) changed.
Liều Lượng & Cách Dùng : Capsule - Oral
Syrup - Oral
Dữ Kiện Thương Mại
Giá thị trường
Nhà Sản Xuất
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Endantadine
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : PK-Merz
  • Công ty :
    Sản phẩm biệt dược : Symadine
  • Sản phẩm biệt dược : Symmetrel
Đóng gói
Tài Liệu Tham Khảo Thêm
drugbank
http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00915
KEGG Compound
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?cpd:C06818
National Drug Code Directory
http://www.hipaaspace.com/Medical_Billing/Coding/National.Drug.Codes/PDF/0832-1015-00
PharmGKB
http://www.pharmgkb.org/drug/PA448360
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amantadine
RxList
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic3/amantadine.htm
Drugs.com
http://www.drugs.com/cdi/amantadine.html
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